Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
M Josuttis H Dietrich M Josuttis E Krüger C Carlen P Crespo J Diamanti B Mezzetti TB Toldam-AndersenSammendrag
The content of bioactives in strawberries was affected by climatic conditions. Cultivars reacted differently. Anthocyanins were enhanced in strawberries from southern regions. Dry matter and soluble solids was enhanced in northern regions.
Sammendrag
Chalara fraxinea, causing ash dieback, was detected on common ash (Fraxinus excelcior) in Norway in May 2008, and is currently causing severe dieback of young and old trees in lower regions from south eastern to south western Norway. The Norwegian Food Safety Authorities have issued restrictions concerning movement of ash plants to non affected areas. At the Norwegian University of Life Sciences, a tree trial was recently established with the aim of selecting tree species for landscaping that are suitable for the Norwegian climate. Common ash is represented with two seed sources; Uppsala (Swedish) and Sauherad (Norwegian). In addition, the following ash species and cultivars are represented; green ash (F. pennsylvanica ‘Cimmzam", and F. pennsylvanica ‘Zundert"), narrowleaf ash (F. angustifolia ‘Raywood", syn. F. oxycarpa ‘Raywood"), and flowering ash (F. ornus ‘Mecsek"). By June 2010, they were all suffering from ash dieback except F. ornus ‘Mecsek". Due to severe dieback, F. excelcior ‘Nana" (‘Globosa") was removed from the trial in 2009.
Sammendrag
Internasjonal handel med planter er omfattande, og skadegjerarar fylgjer ofte med på lasset. Spesielt problematiske er artar i slekta Phytophthora som spreier seg til stadig nye område i verda. I skogsområde i sørvest England er det for tida ein epidemi som fører til masseøydelegging av lerk. Inntil nyleg kjente vi berre til Phytophthora-angrep på ulike jord- og hagebrukskulturar her i landet, men i 2009 vart det også funne symptom på bøk, lønn og bjørk i eit skogholt i Stavanger.
Sammendrag
Det er svært vanleg å bruka bark og flis til dekking mot ugras, som underlag på gangstiar eller anna i grøntanlegg. Dersom barken og flisa ikkje er varmkompostert, kan honningsopp (Armillaria spp.) fylgja med på lasset. Dette er ein vanleg skadegjerar i skog, spesielt på gran, men også i grøntanlegg gjer denne soppen meir skade enn mange er klar over.
Forfattere
Venche Talgø Maria Herrero Brita Toppe May Bente Brurberg Trude L. Slørstad Robert Thurston Arne StensvandSammendrag
I 2009 vart det funne mørke flekkar på stammane på fleire spisslønn, ein bøk og ei bjørk ved Byhaugen i Stavanger. Slike flekkar er typiske symptom ved angrep av Phytophthora-artar, og vert ofte omtala som blødande sår. På dei to førstnemnde tre-artane vart det stadfesta at skadane skuldast rotråte på grunn av Phytophthora plurivora. Sjukdomen er kjent frå fleire land i Europa, der han vert sett på som ein stor trussel både i skog og andre økosystem.
Forfattere
Bjørn FrantzenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Inger MartinussenSammendrag
Bioprospecting covers commercial purpose research and development, building on use of natural occurring compounds, all the way from first discovery, over patenting, benchmarking, improvement, development and commercialization.
Sammendrag
Two female and two male cultivars have previously been released as a result of clone evaluation at Bioforsk Nord Holt. Selection criteria have been number of pistils or stamens per flower, number of flowers and number of shoots per m2. Currently a new group of clones are evaluated with the aim of finding new cultivars for release. The clones are collected from different parts of Norway, as well as from England and Spitsbergen. Preliminary results from harvesting 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 indicate good production potential for some of the tested clones. In addition to prior selection criteria based on berry yield, the levels of total anthocyanins and total phenols have been analyzed. This includes studies on the role of female clone, male pollinator and temperature on berry quality.
Forfattere
Inger MartinussenSammendrag
Cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.) is a dioecious perennial plant of the Rosaceae family with a circumpolar distribution. cloudberry fruit consist of up to about 30 drupes, each with a single seed, covered by a hard endocarp. The ripe berry is orange or yellow, soft and high in vitamin C. both the ratio of female plants, number of pollinating insects and fruit development is much influenced by climatic factors causing large variation in annual yields. cloudberry is mainly collected from natural stands, but there is an increased interest in cultivation and commercial cultivation tecchniques. Cultivation and plant breeing on cloudberry have been carried out for several years at Bioforsk nord, and has resulted in the release of four commercial varieties, including two male (Apollen and Apollto) and two female (Fjellgull and Fjordgull) varieties. These varieties have been selected for increased productivity by using profuse flowering, berry size and shooting capacity as criterions. In addition, the female varieties have been selected for the number of pistils per flower and the male varieties by the number of stamens per flower. Currently a new group of clones are evaluated with the aim of finding new cultivars for release. The clones are collected from different parts of Norway, as well as from England and Spitsbergen. Preliminary results from harvesting 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 indicate good production potential for some of the tested clones. There are two main aproaches for cloudberry cultivation; exploitation of natural cloudberry stands and the second is based on planting of improved plant material. Both approaches require fertilization and soil cultivation. Methods for propagation of material have been developed as well as a guide for greenhouse production of cloudberries. Recently attempts to cultivate natural stands of European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) have been initiated. The fields are both on forest soil and on cultivated soil and are situated in North- Mid- and South-Norway.
Sammendrag
Examination of European blueberry (EB) populations from different latitudes in Norway revealed differences in growth, fruit yield and fruit quality. Two northern and two southern clones of EB (from between 61-69 degrees N) were grown at 12 degrees C and 18 degrees under shourt (12 h) and long (24 h) days. The northern clones were able to grow rapidly at reasonable low temperatures when given 24 hour light, while the southern clones seemed to be adapted to shorter days and were not able to use the 24 h light efficiently. In the field EB tended to grow longer shoots in 2009 at intermediate fertilization in half-cultivated forest fields fertilized in 2008 and 2009, while shoot number was not influenced by fertilization. Berry size and fruit yield in forest fields was not influenced by fertilization neither in 2008 nor in 2009. However, there were differences in yield between locations in both years and between soil conditions in 2008. Fertilized seedlings sawn in March 2008 and planted on farm land in July the same year, grew larger plants in 2009 compared with no fertilization, but developed no flowers. Content of sugar, anthocyanins, total phenols, and antioxidants was higher in Mid- and North- Norway compared to samples from the south, in 2008. Fruit quality parameters changed from early to late harvest in the ripening period (only samples from South Norway). Sugar content was highest at the early maturation stage, while anthocyanin levels were highest in the mid-harvest period and then declined. Antioxidant levels increased at later harvest dates, and data was clearly correlated with total phenol content but not with anthocyanins. Berries produced at 12 degrees had significantly higher % sugars (sucrose, fructose and glucose), phenolic acids and total phenols than berries produced at 18 degrees.