Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Forfattere
May Bente BrurbergSammendrag
Research from the last few years in our lab on the two potato pathogens Pectobacterium atrosepticum (Pba) and Clavibacter michiganensis (Cm) will be discussed. This includes studies of plant root affinity of Pba and bacteriocin sensitivity of Cm. For our studies we have used the available genome sequences, a mutation grid, real-time PCR and traditional techniques in biochemistry and microbiology.
Forfattere
Anne Falk Øgaard Anne-Kristin LøesSammendrag
In organic cereal production, restrictions on use of mineral fertilizers will in many cases reduce the P concentration in soil, and short term leys and catch crops will contribute to decrease the risk of P losses due to reduced erosion. However, the current means to control perennial weeds increase the risk of soil erosion and P loss. On organic farms with ruminants, the aim of self-sufficiency with fodder will often cause a low P-surplus, or even a P deficit on the farm level. This will reduce the P content in soil and thereby the P loss to the environment. However, if organic farming develops to include more intensive production systems with high animal densities and purchased fodder, such systems will be prone to the same risks of high P surplus and P losses as conventional farming systems. Outdoor housing for animal welfare is likely to further increase these risks, and environmental concerns such as reducing P losses from agriculture should be considered when organic farming systems are further developed.
Sammendrag
Poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotzsch), is a contemporary symbol of Christmas in most parts of the world. Today, Europe and North America represent the largest volume of production and sales, but demand is growing quickly in the other regions as poinsettia becomes more popular each year. In Norway, poinsettia is one of the most important pot plants, with a yearly production close to 6 million plants. Its ornamental value and innovation potential have laid the foundation for extensive research in Norway and elsewhere. Poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV) is a RNA virus that belongs to the family Tymoviridae. Infection of poinsettia plants with PnMV results in mosaic symptoms during parts of the growing season and decrease the commercial value of this ornamental plant. Thus, growers are interested in the potential benefits of growing PnMV-free poinsettias. PnMV-free poinsettia plants can be obtained by heat treatment or in vitro culture of apical meristems, which are time-consuming and cost-ineffective methods. There is thus an urgent need for a new approach, like Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, which can overcome these difficulties. We have therefore developed an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation approach for poinsettia. Transgenic poinsettia plants with improved resistance against PnMV by expressing hairpin RNA constructs which targeted various regions of the virus genome were produced. Mechanical inoculation of PnMV and subsequent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) confirmed the PnMV resistance. The siRNA analysis has demonstrated gene silencing mediated resistance. The PnMV resistant transgenic poinsettia lines produced are in the process of being commercialized. Because poinsettia is a non-food, non-feed plant and is not propagated through sexual reproduction, this is likely to be more acceptable even in areas where genetically modified crops are currently not cultivated.
Forfattere
Björn Andersson J.E. Yuen G.J.T. Kessel B. Evenhuis L.J. Turkensteen A. Hannukkala A. Lehtinen B. Nielsen S. Ravnskov J.G. Hansen Arne Hermansen May Bente Brurberg Berit NordskogSammendrag
The role of oospores in the epidemiology of potato late blight
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Kirsty McKinnonSammendrag
Jordødeleggelse er en av de alvorligste truslene mot klodens velbefinnende. Det er derfor behov for undervisnsprogram spesielt rettet mot jord. Skolehagen er en verdifull arena for slik undervisning. Knyttet til skolehagen ved Bioforsk Økologisk blir aktiviteter rettet mot jord utviklet.
Sammendrag
We deleted the FgStuA gene in Fusarium graminearum and demonstrate its involvement in spore development, pathogenicity and secondary metabolism. The FgStuA protein is a member of the APSES family which regulate morphogenesis and virulence in ascomycetes. FgStuA is closely related to FoStuA in F. oxysporum and stuA in Aspergillus, but unlike FoStuA mutants, the FgStuA mutants were greatly reduced in pathogenicity on wheat and colonization of apple slices. The mutant produces no detectable trichothecenes on the wheat cultivar Bobwhite, and
Sammendrag
We deleted the FgStuA gene in Fusarium graminearum and demonstrate its involvement in spore development, pathogenicity and secondary metabolism. The FgStuA protein is a member of the APSES family which regulate morphogenesis and virulence in ascomycetes. FgStuA is closely related to FoStuA in F. oxysporum and stuA in Aspergillus, but unlike FoStuA mutants, the FgStuA mutants were greatly reduced in pathogenicity on wheat and colonization of apple slices. The mutant produces no detectable trichothecenes on the wheat cultivar Bobwhite, and
Sammendrag
The filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum causes extensive losses on cereals world-wide and contaminates harvested grain with mycotoxins, whose levels in the food supply are strictly regulated. We deleted the FgStuA gene in Fusarium graminearum and demonstrate its involvement in several different processes, such as spore development, pathogenicity and secondary metabolism. The FgStuA protein is a members of the APSES family which regulate morphogenesis and virulence in ascomycetes. FgStuA is closely related to FoStuA in F. oxysporum and StuA in Aspergillus, but unlike FoStuA mutants, the FgStuA mutants were greatly reduced in pathogenicity both on wheat and apple slices. Reduced pathogenicity may be due to decreased levels of trichothecene mycotoxins (