Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2016
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Hanna Marika Silvennoinen Mats Höglind Christophe Moni Ingunn Burud Erling Fjelldal Daniel RasseSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
The apple fruit moth (Argyresthia conjugella (A. conjugella)) in Norway was first identified as a pest in apple production in 1899. We here report the first genetic analysis of A. conjugella using molecular markers. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was applied to 95 individuals from six different locations in the two most important apple-growing regions of Norway. Five AFLP primer combinations gave 410 clear polymorphic bands that distinguished all the individuals. Further genetic analysis using the Dice coefficient, Principal Coordinate analysis (PCO) and Bayesian analyses suggested clustering of the individuals into two main groups showing substantial genetic distance. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed greater variation among populations (77.94%) than within populations (22.06%) and significant and high FST values were determined between the two major regions (Distance = 230 km, FST = 0.780). AFLP analysis revealed low to moderate genetic diversity in our population sample from Norway (Average: 0.31 expected heterozygosity). The positive significant correlation between the geographic and the molecular data (r2 = 0.6700) indicate that genetic differences between the two major regions may be due to geographical barriers such as high mountain plateaus (Hardangervidda) in addition to isolation by distance (IBD).
2015
Forfattere
Siv Aarnes Ida Marie Bardalen Fløystad Julia Schregel Ole Petter Laksforsmo Vindstad Jane Uhd Jepsen Hans Geir Eiken Rolf Anker Ims Snorre HagenSammendrag
The autumnal moth (Epirrita autumnata) is a cyclically outbreaking forest Lepidoptera with circumpolar distribution and substantial impact on Northern ecosystems. We have isolated 21 microsatellites from the species to facilitate population genetic studies of population cycles, outbreaks, and crashes. First, PCR primers and PCR conditions were developed to amplify 19 trinucleotide loci and two tetranucleotide loci in six multiplex PCR approaches and then analyzed for species specificity, sensitivity and precision. Twelve of the loci showed simple tandem repeat array structures while nine loci showed imperfect repeat structures, and repeat numbers varied in our material between six and 15. The application in population genetics for all the 21 microsatellites were further validated in 48 autumnal moths sampled from Northern Norway, and allelic variation was detected in 19 loci. The detected numbers of alleles per locus ranged from two to 13, and the observed and expected heterozygosities varied from 0.04 to 0.69 and 0.04 to 0.79, respectively. Evidence for linkage disequilibrium was found for six loci as well as indication of one null allele. We find that these novel microsatellites and their multiplex-PCR assays are suitable for further research on fine- and large-scale population-genetic studies of Epirrita autumnata. tri- and tetranucleotide microsatellites; multiplex PCR; Lepidoptera; population genetics
Forfattere
Siv Aarnes Alexander Kopatz Hans Geir Eiken Julia Schregel Paul Eric Aspholm Tuomo Ollila Olga Makarova Natalia Polikarpova Vladimir Chizhov Sergey Ogurtcov Snorre HagenSammendrag
The trans-border brown bear population of Pasvik-Inari-Pechenga (Norway-Finland-Russia) has been monitored using genetic analyses of feces collection since 2005. In addition, in 2007 and 2011, hair traps were systematically placed out in the area to collect hairs for genetic analysis, to more precisely determine the minimum numbers of bears in the area. In 2015, we repeated this hair trap study, using the exact same methodology as in 2007 and 2011, to make a direct comparison of the results from all the 3 study years. Brown bear DNA was detected in 158 of 209 hair samples (76%) obtained from hair traps in 2015 and for 136 of these samples, a complete DNA profile could be determined. We identified 26 different bears in 2015, 17 females and 9 males. We detected 16 bears in Norway, 5 bears in Finland and 9 bears in Russia. Thirteen of these 26 bears were previously unknown, 7 were detected in Norway, 2 in Finland and 4 in Russia. A comparison to the results from 2007 and 2011 showed that we detected more bears in hair traps in 2015 (26 bears) than in 2007 (24 bears) and 2011 (20 bears). We observed an increase in the total yield of hair samples in the traps in 2015 (209 samples) compared to 2007 (196 samples) and 2011 (88 samples). Four (16%) and seven (35%) of the bears caught in hair traps in 2007 and in 2011, respectively, were also recaptured in 2015. Additional samples (scats and hair) collected opportunistically in the field within the Russian and Finnish parts of the study area in 2015 detected 4 male bears and 1 female bear in the Russian part leading to a total of 14 bears identified in Russia, of which 8 bears were detected for the first time. Additional scat and hair samples from the field in Norway were not included in our study and comparisons between the systematic hair-trapping and opportunistic sampling in the field were not performed. However, the results indicate that both methods combined are currently the optimal approach to monitor brown bear numbers in an area.
Forfattere
Siv Aarnes Alexander Kopatz Paul Eric Aspholm Julia Schregel Arnstein Solem Tom Sotkajærvi Hans Geir Eiken Snorre HagenSammendrag
Ved bruk av 10 hårfeller ble det påvist 5 ulike bjørn i kalvingslandet til reinbeitedistrikt 5A/5C fra 15 april til slutten av juni 2015. Det ble også observert individer og sportegn av jerv, gaupe og kongeørn i kalvingslandet. Dataene fra radio-bjeller (Telespor) og e-bjeller (Findmysheep) som ble båret av henholdsvis 20 og 100 simler, indikerte hvordan reinen brukte området og det er også at det er mulig å tolke bevegelsesmønstre og bevegelseshastigheter hos simlene i relasjon til rovdyrene. Ingen av de fem bjørnene var kjent fra området tidligere år og på den andre siden ble det ikke påvist noen av bjørnene som var kjent fra området i 2013 og 2014.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
I 2014 ble det for sjette år på rad samlet inn prøver med antatt opphav fra brunbjørn (Ursus arctos) gjennom det nasjonale overvåkingsprogrammet for rovvilt i Norge. Det ble samlet inn 962 prøver i 2014 (703 ekskrementprøver, 247 hårprøver, 11 vevsprøver og 1 blodprøve), noe som er betydelig lavere antall prøver enn forrige år (1246 prøver i 2013). Av disse prøvene var 60 % positive for brunbjørn, og det ble påvist 136 ulike bjørner, hvorav 54 hunnbjørner og 82 hannbjørner. Dette er en reduksjon sammenlignet med forrige år da det ble påvist 55 hunnbjørner og 93 hannbjørner. I løpet av de siste seks årene har andelen hunnbjørner økt, og i 2014 var andelen økt til 40 %. Beregninger av antall ynglinger i samme periode ligger relativt stabilt på ca. 6 ynglinger. Som tidligere år er forekomsten av brunbjørn i hovedsak konsentrert i fylkene Hedmark (43), Finnmark (34) og Nord-Trøndelag (29). Av de 136 individbestemte bjørnene i Norge i 2014 var 93 individer (68 %) tidligere påvist i Norge, noe som utgjør omtrent samme gjenfunnsandel som forrige år. DNA, brunbjørn, Ursus arctos, DNA profiler, overvåking, Norge, DNA, brown bear, Ursus arctos, DNA profiles, monitoring, Norway
Forfattere
Julia Schregel Hans Geir Eiken Finn Audun Grøndahl Frank Hailer Jouni Aspi Ilpo Kojola Konstantin Tirronen Piotr Danilov Alexander Rykov Eugene Poroshin Axel Janke Jon Swenson Snorre HagenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag