Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2004
Forfattere
Eva Narten Høberg Lise Hatten Jørn HøbergSammendrag
Gåsebeiting på eng er et problem for jordbruket i flere kystområder. Denne artikkelen omhandler gåsemøkk på eng, og hvordan dette kan påvirke fôrkvalitet og smakelighet på surfôr.
Forfattere
Eva Narten HøbergSammendrag
Gjennom prosjektet "Opprinnelsesmerking av storfekjøtt - testing av markeds- og merprispotensialet", vil forbrukerne på Helgeland få tilgang til opprinnelsesmerket storfekjøtt av rasene hereford, charolais og simmental. Prosjektet er et samarbeid mellom Gilde NNS og tre kjøttfeprodusenter på Helgeland.
Forfattere
Mekjell Meland Magne Eivind MoeSammendrag
The performance of the plum rootstocks Marianna, Pixy and Wangenheim using St. Julien A as a standard to the cultivars Avalon, Edda, Excalibur, Jubileum, Reeves and Victoria Naa was assessed in a field trial at western Norway at 60° North. Trees were planted in spring 1999 and evaluated for the five subsequent years. The plant material was one year old whips, spaced 2.0 x 4.5 m and formed with a central leader as free spindles. Soil management were grass in the alleyways and herbicide strips 1-m wide along the tree rows. Tree size was significantly affected by the rootstocks after five years growth. Wangenheim produced the smallest and St. Julien A and Pixy the largest trees as measured by trunk cross-sectional area in average for the different cultivars. Pixy produced the largest yields per tree to the cultivars Edda, Excalibur and Reeves while St. Julien A was the most productive to Avalon, Jubileum and Victoria Naa. Trees on Pixy were the most yield efficient for all cultivars with the exception of Victoria Naa. The fruit sizes were in general large, but became affected by the different rootstocks to some extent. Depending on the cultivar, fruit size was favourable affected by Pixy and St. Julien A, while trees on Marianna produced the smallest fruits. Fruit quality characterized by the content of soluble solids was in general high and did not differ between trees on the various rootstocks. The cultivar Avalon had the largest amounts of soluble solids.
Sammendrag
Sweet cherry trees sometimes suffer from dieback symptoms under Scandinavian growing conditions. Some combinations of cultivars and rootstocks are more susceptible to this than others. The graft union between a rootstock and a scion is a junction between two different tissues. Differences in tissue development in the union may provide a mechanistic explanation of inhibiting transport of water and nutritional substances and likely inhibit growth of the scion. In order to investigate the relationship between growth and the amount of functional xylem tissue of potted sweet cherry trees, an experiment was conducted during 2002-2003. One year old field budded and bench grafted (from green house) sweet cherry trees of the cultivars Van, Ulster and Lapins in all combinations of the three rootstocks Prunus avium seedling, Colt and Gisela 5 were grown in pots for two growing seasons. After shoot extension had terminated when trees were in full leaf the second year, the total growth of the different parts of the trees and the quantification of functional area using safranin staining were conducted. The total mass production (tree dry weight, the length of two year old wood and number of leaves) was significant larger in the budded trees. Similarly the trunk cross sectional area was significant larger 10 cm above and in the middle of the graft union, but not 10 cm below. The Colt trees were the most vigorous followed by the seedling and Gisela 5. Small differences between the different cultivars were registered. Xylem staining with aqueous safranin combined with quantitative image analysis showed that the rootstock stem had a higher proportion of stained tissue than the scion stem. Sections taken in the middle of the graft tissue and above showed that the proportion of stained tissue declined proportionally with the distance from the roots. The total area of stained stem xylem was larger for the two vigorous rootstocks compared to Gisela 5. Small differences were observed between cultivars and propagation methods.
Forfattere
Mekjell MelandSammendrag
Alternate bearing is a major problem for the Norwegian apple industry. Due to over-cropping one year where fruit size and quality are reduced, the trees are likely to turn into a pattern with high and low yield every second year. This inconsistent yield pattern provides problem for both the growers and the market. Commercial practise is to remove the excessive flowers or fruitlets by chemicals or by handthinning. The only officially registered agents for apple thinning are ethephon and ammoniumthiosulphat. The growers find them unpredictable in use and more knowledge is wanted in order to give more precisely thinning recommendations. A new project started at Ullensvang Research Centre in 2003. It will last for three years and focus on optimising the crop loads and test different thinning agents under bloom and at different fruitlet stages. Different crop levels will be established during and after bloom by hand adjusted by trunk cross sectional area. The experimental trees will be monitored during a 3-year period. Traditional pomological observations will be registered included storage of the fruits where fruit quality will be measured. Leaf areas per tree will be calculated using an area meter. In addition different thinning chemicals will be tested according the program to the working group of European Fruit Research Institute Networks. Emphasis will be put on concentration and thinning periods of the agents ethephon, ammoniumthiosulphat and compounds that could be approved for organic growing like colza oil. Results from the 2003 season will be presented.
Sammendrag
Trees of `Discovery" apples growing on dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks were assessed in field trials at two sites (western and eastern Norway) at 60° North. The rootstocks included two selections of M.9 (EMLA, RN.29), two from the Polish (P) series (P.59, P.60), three from the Geneva (G) series (G.30, G.78730-026, G.202) and M.26. Trees were planted in the spring 1997 as two years old feather trees, spaced 1.5 x 4 m, trained as slender spindles and evaluated for five subsequent years. Soil management were grass in the alleyways and herbicide strips 1-m wide along the tree rows. Tree size was significantly affected by the rootstocks after five years growth. P.59, G.78730-026 and M.9 RN.29 produced the smallest and G.30 and G.202 the largest trees as measured by trunk cross-sectional area. P.59 and G.30 had the greatest yields per tree, followed by G.202, P.60 and M.9 EMLA. Trees on P.59 were the most yield efficient followed by the two M.9 clones. The fruit density measured as number of fruits per trunk-cross-sectional area showed similar results. The different rootstocks affected little the fruit weights. Fruit quality characterized by the content of soluble solids was in general high and did not differ between trees on the various rootstocks.
Forfattere
Mekjell MelandSammendrag
During the period 1998-2000, thinning trials were conducted using bloom thinners on mature European plum trees at Ullensvang Research Centre in western Norway. In 1998, unsprayed control and hand-thinned `Victoria" trees were compared with trees treated at full bloom with a single application of 1% Armothin® or 1.5% ammoniumthiosulphate (ATS). The same program was conducted in the following two years with the addition of a single full bloom treatment with 250 ppm ethephon and a post-bloom application one month after full bloom with the mixture 10 ppm 1-napththaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 75 ppm ethephon. Generally, thinning treatments reduced crop load and enhanced fruit quality (fruit size, soluble solid content, fruit firmness and ground and surface colour), but the results varied from year to year. Fruit set was reduced to about half of control values and the percentage of class 1 fruits was doubled compared to the control trees. All thinning compounds caused some minor leaf injury but no fruit damage. No differences in the amount of gummosis (internal disorder of the fruits) were observed due to treatments. Return bloom was improved by thinning.
Forfattere
Ann NorderhaugSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ann Norderhaug H. SickelSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Ann NorderhaugSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag