Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2008
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Veikanter langs dyrka mark er ofte svært næringsrike. En del gjødsel vil alltid havne i kanten, enten på grunn av unøyaktig spredning eller ved tilsig og avrenning fra det dyrka arealet. Planteartene som vokser i slike veikanter er ofte problematiske ugras, slik som hundekjeks. Forsøk med slåttetiltak som kan redusere innslaget av hundekjeks og andre problematiske arter i næringsrike veikanter har blitt gjennomført siden 2004 på Fosen i Sør-Trøndelag. Prosjektet er finansiert av Statens vegvesen og flere kommuner på Fosen. Prosjektet gjennomføres i et samarbeid mellom Fosen Forsøksring og Bioforsk Midt-Norge og avsluttes i 2009. Prosjektet "Slått av næringsrik veikant" ble starta opp i 2004.
Sammendrag
Rapporten beskriver bevaringsmål og metodikk for overvåkning av restaurerings og skjøtselseffekter i Rinnleiret naturreservat, Levanger kommune i Nord-Trøndelag. Rapporten gir også foreløpig status og resultater av overvåkningen.
Forfattere
Celine Rebours Jim Treasurer Richard Fitzgerald Julie Maguire Nina Zhuravleva Oddvar OttesenSammendrag
Biological control of sea lice with wrasse is considered an alternative to medicines and can form part of an integrated sea lice management plan (Mordue and Pike, 2002). While wrasse have been used previously in sea lice control there have been reservations about fishing the wrasse from wild stocks with possible erosion of local stocks and changes in population structure (Sayer, Gibson and Atkinson, 1996; Varian, Deady and Fives, 1996). An EU Northern Periphery Project entitled "Ecofish" has been established to examine the rearing of ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta and the application of this species in sea lice control. This species has been shown to be a successful cleaner of sea lice in preliminary trials and may be more suitable than smaller wrasse with larger second production year salmon.
Forfattere
Ellen Johanne Svalheim Frode ØdegaardSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Celine Rebours Åsbjørn Karlsen Oddvar H. Ottessen Jim Treasurer Julie Maguire R. Fitzgerald N. ZhuravlevaSammendrag
An EU Northern Periphery Project entitled "Ecofish" has been established to examine the rearing of ballan wrasse, Labrus bergylta and the application of this species in sea lice control. The rapid expansion of finfish farming in Northern Europe has focussed attention on problems caused by a variety of pest organisms such as sea lice which sometimes occur at high densities in coastal waters. This project provide the European marine finfish aquaculture industry with a practical solution to control lice in an environmentally friendly way by using ballan wrasse (a lice eating fish) as a supplement to control lice in sea cages. Until now the R&D activities on ballan wrasse have been local and limited to a few institutions, mainly, in Norway. In the present project, a broad partnership in the Northern periphery area, in a unique collaboration between governmental institutions, public R&D institutions and the industry in Norway, UK and Ireland, are developing methods for production and use of cleaner fish in finfish farming. This is based on substantive interest from fish farmers in Shetland, Scotland, Ireland and Norway in the use of wrasse and whether this can be reared for use as cleaner fish on fish farms. The collective expertise provide a unique opportunity to address the sustainability (environmental and economic) of aquaculture, enabling us to challenge a range of issues in a unified manner that would be difficult or impossible by individual countries acting alone. In this way fragmentation of effort across the Northern Periphery are reduced and a more co-ordinated approach to research at an international level are engendered.
Sammendrag
Nokre planter er det rett og slett forbod mot å planta, så som pile- og bulkemispel, på grunn av pærebrann. Eit anna døme er ask, der det no er restriksjonar på flytting av planter til smittefrie sonar på grunn av askeskotsjuke. Dessutan er det mange planter som er så utsette for sjukdom at ein bør unngå dei på grunn av redusert prydverdi.
Forfattere
Nina TrandemSammendrag
Gjennomgang av skadedyrmiddel-situasjonen for norske bærdyrkere. Nærmere om norske forsøk med kjemisk og alternativ bekjempelse av fem utvalgte skadedyr de siste årene (bringebærbille, jordbærsnutebille, bringebærbladmidd, stikkelbærbladveps, veksthusspinnmidd)
Forfattere
Venche TalgøSammendrag
In April 2007, orange-red pustules were found in needle scars on defoliated, dead shoots on a nordmann fir (Abies nordmanniana) Christmas tree in Rogaland County in south western Norway. A microscope slide made from the pustules revealed Fusarium-macrospores.
Sammendrag
In April 2007, orange-red pustules were found in needle scars on defoliated, dead shoots on a nordmann fir (Abies nordmanniana) Christmas tree in Rogaland County in south western Norway. A microscope slide made from the pustules revealed Fusarium-macrospores. On average they were 40.2 µm long and 2.9 µm wide (n=50). No microspores were found. A red coloured culture was obtained by transferring spore mass from a sporodochium to PDA (potato dextrose agar) with a sterile needle. The culture was transferred to SNA (spezieller nährstoffarmer agar) where macrospores developed. The majority of the spores had three septa, most of them were slightly curved, apically bent, basal cells were foot shaped, and spores were long and slender. Six singlespore cultures appeared identical on SNA. Two were chosen for an inoculation test. This test took place on 4 June 2007 in a polyethylene tunnel where the plants were kept during the whole experimental period. Nearly fully grown current year shoots on container grown nordmann fir transplants were inoculated by placing PDA agar plugs with fungal growth at the base of some unwounded needles on each shoot. Twelve transplants were used for each of the two isolates. The plants were covered with polyethylene bags for five days. After the bags were removed, the foliage was kept wet throughout the growing season by 1-3 minutes (depending on temperature) overhead irrigation every third hour. Brown shoots developed during the summer regardless of which singlespore isolate that had been used for inoculation. Samples from brown shoots were collected 20 October. No sporodochia, like we found under field conditions in April, had developed on the inoculated shoots. Neither did they develop after incubation in the laboratory. Only a whitish, fluffy mycelium was seen. CZID (Czapek dox iprodione dichloran agar) was used for reisolation from the dead shoots. From each group of 12 inoculated plants, two and three Fusarium-cultures were obtained, respectively. No symptoms were observed and no Fusarium sp. was isolated from the control plants (exposed to same treatment, but agar plugs with no fungal growth had been used). The Fusarium strain could not be accurately identified to species when the FUSARIUM-ID database v. 1.0 (http://fusarium.cbio.psu.edu) was searched with partial sequence of TEF (translation elongation factor 1-"). The original culture plus the two single spore cultures used for inoculation had identical TEF sequences which were most similar to F. acuminatum (97% identity). One out of six single spore cultures from each of the five reisolates, was sequenced. One of them matched the original culture, but the other four were most similar to F. avenaceum (98% identity). Different from the original culture, the F. av.-like isolates had both macro- and microconidia (0-3 septa, oval spore shape). On PDA, the F. ac.-like culture grew 25 mm in 72 hours (dark and 25°C) and the four F. av.-like cultures grew between 32 to 40 mm. They could not be distinguished by colour. Hyphal coils were found on both species, but were most prominent on the F. ac.-like culture. The fact that sequencing revealed involvement of two Fusarium-species, makes is difficult to draw conclusions about pathogenicity, but since the control plants showed no symptoms, there may be indications that the F. ac.-like fungus killed the inoculated shoots and that the F. av.-like fungus came in as a secondary invader from the environment inside or outside the tunnel. F. acuminatum is reported as a pathogen on conifer seeds and seedlings, but to our knowledge this is the first report of a F. ac.-like fungus causing dieback on a Christmas tree.