Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Mikael Ohlson Barbro Kristina Dahlberg Tonje Økland Kendrick J. Brown Rune HalvorsenSammendrag
Forest fires release significant amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere(1), but also convert a fraction of the burning vegetation to charred black carbon. Black carbon is hard to break down, and formation of this reserve therefore creates a long-term soil carbon sink(2-7). However, although soil black carbon pools are important for global carbon budgets, the spatial variation and dynamics of these pools are poorly understood(6-9). Here we examine the charcoal content of 845 soil samples collected from a broad range of boreal forest landscapes and climates in Scandinavia. We show that there is considerable variation in the distribution and carbon content of soil charcoal between forest landscapes; the landscape-level amount of soil carbon stored in charcoal ranged from 0 to 222 g Cm-2, with an average of 77 g Cm-2. The carbon concentration in the soil charcoal is significantly lower than that found in recently produced fresh charcoal, suggesting that charcoal carbon content decreases with time. Indeed, the median age of a subset of C-14-dated soil charcoal particles was 652 years, implying a rapid turnover compared with the expected median age of approximately 5,000 years if charcoal is persistent. Assuming that our measurements are representative of boreal forests worldwide, we estimate that boreal forest soils store 1 Pg of carbon in the form of charcoal, equivalent to 1% of the total plant carbon stock in boreal forests.
Forfattere
Richard Fischer Martin Lorenz Michael Köhl Georg Becher Oliver Granke Alexey Bobrinsky Tatyana Braslavskaya Wim de Vries Matthias Dobbertin Philipp Kraft Daniel Laubhann Natalia Lukina Hans Dieter Nagel Gert Jan Reinds Hubert Sterba Svein Solberg Silvia Stofer Walter SeidlingSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jahn Davik Elena Lopez Girona Daniel J Sargent Monica C Muñoz-Torres Amparo Monfort Julio Bonet Albert G Abbott Pere Arús David W SimpsonSammendrag
BackgroundThe cultivated strawberry Fragaria ×ananassa is one of the most economically-important soft-fruit species. Few structural genomic resources have been reported for Fragaria and there exists an urgent need for the development of physical mapping resources for the genus. The first stage in the development of a physical map for Fragaria is the construction and characterisation of a high molecular weight bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library.MethodsA BAC library, consisting of 18,432 clones was constructed from Fragaria vesca f. semperflorens accession "Ali Baba". BAC DNA from individual library clones was pooled to create a PCR-based screening assay for the library, whereby individual clones could be identified with just 34 PCR reactions. These pools were used to screen the BAC library and anchor individual clones to the diploid Fragaria reference map (FV×FN).FindingsClones from the BAC library developed contained an average insert size of 85 kb, representing over seven genome equivalents. The pools and superpools developed were used to identify a set of BAC clones containing 70 molecular markers previously mapped to the diploid Fragaria FV×FN reference map. The number of positive colonies identified for each marker suggests the library represents between 4× and 10× coverage of the diploid Fragaria genome, which is in accordance with the estimate of library coverage based on average insert size.ConclusionThis BAC library will be used for the construction of a physical map for F. vesca and the superpools will permit physical anchoring of molecular markers using PCR.
Forfattere
Dugassa N. Feyissa Trond Karsten Løvdal Kristine Marie Olsen Rune Slimestad Cathrine LilloSammendrag
The bHLH transcription factors EGL3 (ENHANCER OF GLABRA3) and its close homologue GL3 (GLABRA3) are important regulators of the anthocyanin pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana, and together with TTG1 (a WD40 repeat protein) and MYB transcription factors regulate specific genes in the pathway. In response to nitrogen depletion, the MYB genes PAP1/PAP2 (production of anthocyanin pigment 1/2) and GL3 are strongly induced, and anthocyanin synthesis is activated in seedlings and rosette stage plants. In this study we show that anthocyanins accumulate in both wild type and egl3, but not in gl3 loss-of-function mutants when depleted of nitrogen. Several structural genes of flavonoid metabolism including CHS (chalcone synthase), FLS1 (flavonol synthase 1) and ANS (anthocyanidin synthase) were induced in response to nitrogen depletion in wild type as well as in the egl3 and gl3 mutants. Strikingly, in the gl3 mutant DFR (dihydroflavonol-4-reductase) transcript level was only 2% of the levels in wild type or egl3 mutant. Hence, low expression of DFR appears to be the bottleneck preventing anthocyanin synthesis in the gl3 mutant. The specific effect on DFR, but not ANS is compatible with involvement of the MYBL2 inhibitor.
Forfattere
Christian Guido Bruckner Matthias Labrenz Thomas Schott Jana Grote Klaus JürgensSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Myrmica specioides Bondroit, 1918 and Formica cunicularia Latreille, 1798 are recorded in Norway for the first time. Both species were found in 2008 at Jeløya, Østfold County in South-Eastern Norway. A total of 54 outdoor-living ant species are now known to occur in Norway.
Forfattere
Nicholas Clarke Květoslava Fuksová Milan Gryndler Zora Lachmanová Hans-Holger Liste Jana Rohlenova Reiner Schroll Peter Schröder Miroslav MatuchaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Bjørn FrantzenSammendrag
9 slides som viser hvordan en abeidet med rehabilitering av sjøfugl under Full City-ulykken.
Forfattere
Ole Martin Eklo Jens Kværner Marit Almvik Randi Bolli Tore Sveistrup Geir Tveiti Oddvar VigdalSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
May-Guri Saethre Arnstein Staverløkk Trond HofsvangSammendrag
The history of Harmonia axyridis and a summary of surveillance & research in Norway till June 2009 are given. H. axyridis was assessed as a potential bio-control agent for use in Norwegian greenhouses in 2001. The risk of establishment outdoors was assessed too high and no permission was given. The first record in Norway was in 2006 when one adult was found on Thuja sp. imported from the Netherlands. In late 2007 and throughout 2008 adults were found indoors/outdoors at several locations in the Oslo-area. Establishment outdoors became evident. Observations in Aust-Agder and Vestfold revealed further spread/introduction to new areas. The bioclimatic potential of H. axyridis was assessed in 2007 by the aid of CLIMEX and national agrometeorological data, showed that suboptimal microclimates for the species can be found in the coastal areas of the south. In late 2008 a web-site was launched aiming to engage the public to submit observations on-line and has contributed to monitor development of the species across the country. Competition experiments with H. axyridis and Coccinella septempunctata in 2008/2009 showed that only H. axyridis eggs & larvae survived when the two species were mixed.