Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2025
Sammendrag
Intervju i nyhetssak på nibio.no
Forfattere
Kristiina Matilda Maria Visakorpi Zafar A. Reshi Oriol Grau Anne Muola Anna Orczewska Koenraad Van Meerbeek Bente Jessen GraaeSammendrag
Invasive species are one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. However, our understanding of how these species persist and spread in novel environments remains limited. Specifically, the relative importance of species interactions versus environmental conditions and the role of rapid evolutionary adaptation are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the impact of these factors on the distribution of the invasive Himalayan balsam ( Impatiens glandulifera ). We examined whether the climatic niche of the species is pre-adapted to the environmental conditions in the introduced range through niche modeling. Field surveys were conducted to assess the importance of herbivory and competition, and greenhouse treatments were used to investigate local adaptation. We found that the species has not yet fully occupied the suitable climatic space in its introduced range in Europe. Our results suggest that the species may have experienced enemy release while also facing increased biotic pressure at the northern range edge. We identified adaptive differentiation in flowering time, which enhances reproductive success when plants grow in climates similar to their origin. Our results indicate that Himalayan balsam has rapidly adapted to differences in growing season length in its introduced range, with trait plasticity providing an adaptive advantage. Together, these findings suggest that the species may continue to spread across its introduced range in Europe.
Sammendrag
Research on Sonchus arvensis L. is underrepresented despite its status as a widespread perennial arable weed in the Northern Hemisphere. This study investigates, based on a comparison of literature data and recent plant metric data, whether there are indications of a problematic expansion in Germany and identified two knowledge gaps. The recent plant metric data were taken between 2019–2024 at various sites in Germany, Norway, and Finland. We structured the results in subchapters along the life-stages of S. arvensis given in their headings: ‘Propagules in the soil’, ‘Plant establishment’, ‘Rosette growth’, ‘Plant height’, ‘Seed production’ and ‘Plant senescence’. In Germany, S. arvensis has a rosette diameter measuring 34–58 cm and a height of 40–98 cm, although a height of up to 220 cm has been recorded in 2024 in Germany. Rosette diameter and plant height data indicate at least no smaller sizes compared to studies and plant metric data from other countries. Notably, 142 seeds per head were counted in Germany, indicating a source for successful spatial spreading. We address two knowledge gaps related to the research question in the title. One regarding whether vegetative growth contributes to the spread of S. arvensis , and another concerning how its phenological development is influenced by temperature and photoperiod. In addition, we recommend monitoring the species biology and ecology on agricultural fields in Germany.
Forfattere
Komi Mensah Agboka Frank Thomas Ndjomatchoua Ritter Atoundem Guimapi Luca Rossini Abdelmutalab G. A. Azrag Quinto Juma Meltus Tobias Landmann Sunday Ekesi Elfatih M. Abdel‐RahmanSammendrag
The multitasking lesser mealworm ( Alphitobius diaperinus ) is a special beetle known as a pest in poultry, a resource for waste degradation and an alternative for protein production. This study compares the predictive accuracy of correlative species distribution models (SDMs) with a risk index derived from a mechanistic model. The study derives the mechanistic‐based risk index from the ordinary differential equation that describes the population dynamics of A. diaperinus using the temperature‐dependent bio‐demographic rates, while the ensemble SDM is derived using well‐known algorithms such as maximum entropy, random forest and so forth. We finally propose a hybrid model combining both approaches using a weighted average approach. When overlaid on occurrence data, the predictive accuracy of the mechanistic model globally varied across temporal scales, with the highest performance observed in the October–December quarter (27% of occurrences were predicted correctly). The comparison across geographic regions model had the best performance in Asia (94.4% accuracy), outperforming the two scenario SDMs (78.3%). In contrast, the correlative ensemble SDM performed better in Europe (93%), where we have most of the data, but was very sensitive to data gaps, especially in Africa. Finally, the proposed hybrid model outperforms both individual models in the global scenario (86.5% accuracy). These findings highlight the strengths and limitations of both modelling approaches and provide critical insights to optimise pest management strategies, sustainable utilisation and ecological forecasting by refining SDM through the integration of biological realism and empirical data.
Forfattere
Komi Mensah Agboka Frank Thomas Ndjomatchoua Luca Rossini Ritter Atoundem Guimapi Elfatih M. Abdel-RahmanSammendrag
The biological life cycle of terrestrial arthropods, using temperature as the primary driving factor has a large interest for insect pests in agriculture, forestry, urban ecosystems, as constitutes the basics for the development of mathematical models for decision making. A recent study proposed a physiologically-based risk index (RI) which finds large applications in the definition of risk maps; however, further case studies are needed to better explore its strengths and limitations. This study aims to extend this knowledge by presenting an application of the RI on two economically significant pests: the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda and the stem borer Busseola fusca, major treats for maize production. • While the case of S. frugiperda follows the theoretical expectations, providing values RI > 1 for temperature ranges typical of the regions of its confirmed persistence, the model fails for B. fusca, as RI < 1 for weather conditions where field presence and damage are well-documented. • Accordingly, we trace the breakdown to limiting model assumptions, particularly temperature-only drivers, linear cause-and-effect biodemographic parameters, omission of seasonal dynamics, and reliance on laboratory parameters. • This dual-case contrast highlights both the potential and limitations of RI and calls for refinements that include a broader ecological realism and data availability.
Forfattere
Beatrice T. Nganso Komi Mensah Agboka Salvador D. Atagong Sidonie Fameni Topé Tchouzeube Massing Tobias Landmann Subramanian Sevgan Willy Mwiza Fredrick Odera Emmanuel D. Piiru Z. Ngalo Otieno-Ayayo Victoria Soroker Ritter Atoundem GuimapiSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Tomáš Hlásny Roman Modlinger Jostein Gohli Rupert Seidl Paal Krokene Iris Bernardinelli Simon Blaser Gediminas Brazaitis Gailenė Brazaitytė Eckehard G. Brockerhoff György Csóka Laura Dobor Maarten de Groot Mihai‐Leonard Duduman Massimo Faccoli Margarita Georgieva Georgi Georgiev Wojciech Grodzki Henrik Hartmann Anikó Hirka Gernot Hoch Tomasz Jabłoński Hervé Jactel Mats Jonsell Marija Kolšek Markus Melin Slobodan Milanović Constantin Nețoiu Mats Nieberg Bjørn Økland Milan Pernek Michaela Perunová Nick Schafstall Martin Schroeder Gottfried Steyrer Jozef Vakula Thomas Wohlgemuth Tiina Ylioja Andrew M. LiebholdSammendrag
Ongoing shifts in climate and land use have altered interactions between trees and insect herbivores, changing biotic disturbance regimes. However, as these changes are complex and vary across host species, insect taxa, and feeding guilds, they remain poorly understood. We compiled annual records of forest insect disturbance from 15 countries in temperate and boreal Europe, spanning the period from 2000 to 2022. The dataset comprises 1361 time series characterizing the dynamics of 50 herbivorous insects. We used this dataset to test whether insect disturbance has systematically changed during the 23‐year period across host trees and feeding guilds, whether it varies along latitudinal and climatic gradients, and whether synchrony exists among species in the same guild or among species sharing the same host. Since 2000, borer disturbance was predominantly concentrated on gymnosperms, while defoliators impacted gymnosperms and angiosperms more evenly. While 85.8% of gymnosperm disturbance was inflicted by a single species, Ips typographus , the majority of disturbances to angiosperms were caused by six different species. Borer impact on gymnosperms has increased in the 21st century, while defoliator impact has decreased across both clades. In contrast to diverging temporal trends, disturbance was consistently greater in warmer and drier conditions across feeding guilds and host types. We identified significant synchrony in insect disturbance within host types and feeding guilds but not between these groups, suggesting shared drivers within guilds and host types. Increasing insect disturbance to gymnosperms may catalyze adaptive transformations in Europe's forests, promoting a shift from historical conifer‐dominated management to broadleaved trees, which are less affected by insect herbivores. Our findings reveal a diversity of trends in insect herbivory, underscoring the need to strengthen monitoring and research in order to better understand underlying mechanisms and identify emerging threats that may not be apparent in currently available data.
Forfattere
Lene SigsgaardSammendrag
Key note presentation at the Swedish National Plant Protection Conference 12-13 November 2025
Forfattere
Annette Folkedal SchjøllSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag