Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
1988
Forfattere
Finn Roll-HansenSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Jarle BerganSammendrag
In the spring 1955 an experimental plot with 6 provenances of Scots pine from Norway was laid out in a fjord district at 69°04\"N - 60 m a.s.l.: Prov. 1. Målselv - 69°N, 0-150 m a.s.l. Prov. 2. Grovfjord - 68°40\"N, 0-150 m a.s.l. Prov. 3. Skjomen - 68°15\"N, 0-150 m a.s.l. Prov. 4. Saltdal - 66°55\"N, 0-150 m a.s.l. Prov. 5. Halsa - 63°05\"N, 0-150 m a.s.l. Prov. 6. Rindal - 63°05\"N, 0-150 m a.s.l. The plot was laid out on a clear-cut in a birch forest. In the surrounding area, the pine occurs spontaneously only as scattered single trees. The plot (90 m x 90 m) was divided in 36 squares (15 m x 15 m), and each provenance repeated 6 times. The spacing of plants was 1,5 m x 1,5 m. Each provenance was represented by 600 plants. Prov. 3 has been transferred about 100 km (aerial line) from south to north, Prov. 4 about 240 km. Fig. 1 shows the reduction in the survival percentage in the years 1955 to 1985. At the total age of 34 years, a strong correlation has been found between the survival percentage and the northern latitude of the provenances. In Fig. 8 is shown that the total production is related to the number of plants per hectare. The number of plants per hectare is decreasing with decreasing latitude of the provenances (Table 6). Provenances transferred 100 km or more from south to the north are not to be recommended by plantations in the fjord districts in Troms. They probably give less total production, larger diameters of stems and branches (Table 5), and lower values in the relationship of H/D (Height in m/Diameter in cm) than the most northern provenance (Table 6). The main reason is the lower density of plants caused by lower survival percentages by the southern provenances. However, the trees of the two most southern provenances (Prov. 5 and 6) have also revealed considerably less height growth than the others (Table 3). Prov. 1 and 2 originate respectively from inland and fjord districts. The results from the actual experiment show that the provenance from the inland of Troms has to be preferred by planting of Scots pine in the actual fjord district. In 1956 another experiment was laid out in the same area. This experiment included also comparison between Prov. 1 and 2 (Bergan 1987). The results at the total age of 27 years confirm the conclusions about these two provenances in this report.
Forfattere
Bjørn Langerud Martin Sandvik Anders SjøvoldSammendrag
Norway spruce seedlings were grown with three, peat based growth media (Table 1) subjected to three irrigation regimes in three forest nurseries in the Eastern part of Norway. The irrigation regimes were defined by the volume of liquid in the growth growth substrate one hour after irrigation and re-irrigation started when 20, 40 or 60 % of this volume of liquid was lost. The irrigation frequency and intensity was determined by the weight of specific multipot containers (Fig. 1). The results differed from what we expected from literature and laboratory studies: The deviations were mainly attributed to variation within the `experimental treatments`. Great variation was observed in bulk density, ash concentration and phase distribution in the growth media (Table 1, Figs. 2 and 3), and within, although not always between, irrigation regimes (Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7). The experiment was further disturbed by the influence of growth media on germination (Table 2). The dry weight of seedlings did not relate to irrigation and growth media in an unique manner (Fig. 8): The variation in important factors and the improper control of the irrigation regimes made a discussion with respect to `average` growing conditions impossible. The results initiated a discussion on research strategies in the `applied sciences`, and the conclusion was towards more distinct criteria for the `applied` and the `science`. The variation and the unreliable routines induced this question: Which of the individual seedlings were under which of the irrigation regimes in which growth substrate and under which climate at which time and at which of the nurseries?. In conclusion, the variations in growth media properties, germination and growing routines have to be delt with in a better way than at present before a satisfactory growing control is achieved.
Forfattere
Tor MykingSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Erik ChristiansenSammendrag
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Forfattere
Liv G. HineSammendrag
Bakgrunnen for forsøksresultatene fra Vestlandet er følgende flater: Erdalsdalen, 7 vekstsesonger Hamra og Skiple, 5 vekstsesonger Frotveit, 11 vekstsesonger Valdersnes, 12 vekstsesonger. Den oppgitte alderen er tidsrommet mellom etablering av forsøket og den siste registreringen på feltet. Marktypen var røsslyngmark på Valdersnes og Frotveit. Forsøket på Hamra ble lagt på en hogstflate i ei bratt nordøstvendt li, der blåbær utgjør den vanligste arten i feltskiktet. På Skiple ligger feltet i et gammelt bjørkebestand i ei nordvestvendt li. I Erdalsdalen kan marktypen karakteriseres som oremark. Følgende plantetyper og plantemetoder ble brukt: Barrot - hakkeplanting Kopparfors (pluggplanter) - hullpipe med og uten flekking og Pottiputki. En sammenlikning mellom de to plantetypene barrotplanter og pluggplanter, viser at barrotplantene i de fleste tilfelle har hatt minst avgang. Bare ved sommerplanting, spesielt i juni, har resultatet vært dårligere enn for pluggplantene. Også når det gjelder høydetilvekst har barrotplantene generelt sett vært best. Dette hovedresultatet går igjen på alle forsøksflater der barrotplanter er med. Det kan således ikke påvises noen effekt av feltenes beliggenhet og markbonitet. Bare plantetidspunktet synes å påvirke forholdet mellom de to plantetypene. For pluggplantene ble det brukt tre plantemetoder. Hullpipe med flekking, det vil si fjerning av vegetasjonsdekket på planteplassen, har i de fleste tilfeller gitt gode resultater både med hensyn til tilslag og vekst. Plantemetoden hullpipe uten flekking har så og si uten unntak ført til størst avgang og minst vekst. Resultatene viser at en flekkstørrelse på 9 dm2 fører til signifikant større overleving sammenliknet med planting uten flekking. Flekking av plantestedet har hatt den samme gunstige virkningen på alle marktyper og ved alle plantetidspunkter. Resultatene viser således at hullpipe med flekking definitivt er den beste plantemetoden for pluggplantene. I denne undersøkelsen har bruk av barrotplanter gitt best resultat. Det beste alternativet til barrotplantene ser ut til å være pluggplanter plantet om våren på avflekkete planteplasser. Det er på grunnlag av disse forsøkene ikke mulig å gi anbefalinger om plantetype/-metoder på ulike boniteter.
Forfattere
Torbjørn OkstadSammendrag
Geometric properties, wood properties and quality were measured in a sample of pulpwood logs from Central Norway. The average middle diameters with bark of butt logs, middle logs and top logs were 17.2 cm, 16.6 cm and 10.6 cm respectively (Table 1). The frequency distribution of the diameters is given in Fig. 1. The average log length in this sample is 4.32 m (Table 2). The frequency distribution of the log length is illustrated in Fig. 2. Log taper was calculated to be 1.40 cm/m on the average (Table 3). Log taper increases with increasing diameter (Fig. 3). The ovality of the logs increases with increasing diameter (Fig. 4). The average basal area quotient is calculated to be 0.88 (Table 4). Double bark thicknesses of the butt logs, middle logs and top logs in this sample are 10.9 mm, 10.3 mm and 7.2 mm respectively (Table 5). Average bark volume percentages are 11.7%, 12.0% and 13.2% respectively. The corresponding figures measured according to special rules by the measurement society are 11.2%, 12.4% and 14.6% respectively (Table 6). The average log volume with bark of this sample is 75.3 dm3 (Table 7). The frequency distribution of the log volume is given in Fig. 7. The proportion of knotwood and compression wood of the total wood volume is on the average 2.0% and 5.8% respectively (Tables 8 and 9). The proportion of decayed wood is 3.3% (Table 10). The measurement society classified 86.6% of the total volume as first class quality, 6.6% as second class quality and 6.8% as cull (Table 11). The growth ring width in this sample was on the average 1.3 mm (Table 12). The basic density of the logs is given in Table 13 and was on the average 415.0 kg/m3. The relationship between basic density decreases with increasing growth ring width. The moisture content (per cent of green weight) at the time of delivery is highest in the winter and lowest in the late summer (Fig. 11).
Forfattere
Bjørn LangerudSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Isabella BørjaSammendrag
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Forfattere
Richard HorntvedtSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag