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Publikasjoner

NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.

2003

Sammendrag

Populasjonsdynamikken til Busseola fusca ble studert 1997-1999 i Halhale og Halhal Begos, henholdsvis 1960 og 1850 m over havet i Eritrea. Busseola fusca hadde tre generasjoner pr. år i Halhale og to i Halhal Begos. Nøkkelfaktoren for dødelighet fant sted hos de aller minste larvene. Dødeligheten på grunn av naturlige faktorer reduserte ikke populasjonen under skadeterskelen. Forskjellige strategier for integrert plantevern diskuteres for å redusere skaden av B. fusca i sorghum.

Sammendrag

I alt 912 individer fra 15 arter Lauxaniidae (Diptera) ble identifisert fra lysfellefangster i årene 1994 til 2002. Tre arter, Meiosimyza decempunctata (Fallén, 1820), M. rorida (Fallén, 1820) and Tricholauxania praeusta (Fallén, 1820) var tilstede i større antall, med varierende forekomst mellom og innen år. Mere enn en tredjedel av artene som er kjent for Norge ble registrert fra én lokalitet

Sammendrag

Sekstini rustarter er beskrevet fra Uganda, 13 av dem nye for Ugandas rustflora, dessuten en del nye vertplanter

Sammendrag

The main elements of a web-based system for administrating data from a network of automated agro meteorological stations are presented. The concept of quality of meteorological data is then discussed. `Controlling the measurements" is one element contained in the concept of `quality of data". An automatic system for controlling the meteorological data is introduced as mainly a control of the functioning of the instruments. Each instrument is explicitly and uniquely defined in this system, and the different meteorological parameters are uniquely coupled to these instruments. The procedures for automatic control is dependent on the information mentioned above, as well as information dependent on the climate on each site, giving us the expected variation of each parameter through the year. The system also allows automated correction of measured parameter values dependent on the type of instrument used in each case.

Sammendrag

This report contains all papers presented at the OECD Expert meeting in Oslo October 7th - 9th 2002, in addition to the list of participants. The topic of the meeting was the development of landscape indicators. In brief, the Expert Meeting agreed that interested OECD Member countries should consider the following recommendations; • Invest in the scientific understanding and further development of an indicator framework for agricultural landscapes, representing the linkages between landscape structure, function and management, • Build upon the existing national and international experiences in policy monitoring, evaluation and predictive scenarios, • Encourage pro-active collaboration, information exchange and methodological integration, • Contribute to, and cooperate with, other international initiatives related to developing agricultural landscape indicators, • Establish an informal expert network to follow up recommendations of the meeting.

Sammendrag

Norwegian agriculture depends heavily on governmental subsidies, due to small farming units and high costs. Due to a limited home market, many agricultural productions are also quantum regulated. Milk and grain production was regulated starting in the 1950 using region specific prices. At the level of three counties in south-eastern Norway, this policy resulted in an increase in the grain producing area from 30 to 80% of total agricultural area causing a similar reduction in grassland area over a'30 year period. The change in land use caused by this policy more than doubled the estimated soil losses by water erosion. During the late; seventies extensive land levelling in the same region stimulated by subsidies lead to an estimated two-three fold increase in soil erosion. The increase was especially high when former ravine landscapes used for pasture were levelled and turned into arable land that was ploughed in autumn. Very visible erosion and increasing negative offsite effects on water quality together with overproduction put an end to the subsidies for land levelling. Erosion research was started around 1980 and the results from this research lead to the introduction of several kinds of payments in the early 1990 to encourage more sustainable agricultural production. Since the policy changed there has been changes in cultivating systems and a reduction in soil erosion has been estimated. Thus, farmers' behaviour and soil erosion in Norway is strongly influenced by agricultural and environmental policy.