Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Trond Rafoss Knut SælidSammendrag
Overvåking og kartlegging av pærebrann ble i 2008 gjort ved hjelp av mobiltelefoner med GPS og en innlagt spesialutviklet programvare. Med enkle tastetrykk på telefonen kunne man registrere i felt forekomster av vertplanter og sjukdomsangrep. Disse dataene ble så via internett over mobilnettet sendt til en digital kart-tjener. Registreringene var umiddelbart tilgjengelige i form av et eget kartlag på internett for visning sammen med annen kartinformasjon på PC. Dette digitale verktøyet har gitt en stor effektivisering og kvalitetsheving av registreringsarbeidet i felt, og gjort dataene umiddelbart tilgjengelige etter innlegging.
Forfattere
Reidun Pommeresche Anne-Kristin LøesSammendrag
This paper presents Norwegian studies of earthworms (density, biomass, burrows density, species, juvenile to adult ratios) in arable soil in Norway conducted during the last 20 years. The effects of crop rotations, fertilization, soil tillage and compaction on earthworms are presented, based on various field experiments. Geophagous (soil eating) species such as Aporrectodea caliginosa and A. rosea dominate the earthworm fauna in Norwegian arable soil. Lumbricus terrestris is also present; in our studies even frequently found in an all-arable crop rotation with annual ploughing. In southern Norway, L. rubellus, and A. longa are commonly found. Earthworm density, recorded in autumn varied between 30 and 350 individuals m-2 in different studies, with the lowest values found in conventional all arable farming systems. One year of ley in the crop rotation increased earthworm burrow density, earthworm density and biomass. Even short-term leys for green manure had a positive effect, likely due to high clover content. Application of animal manure increased earthworm density and biomass. Because geophagous species prefer the upper soil layer, shallow ploughing (15 cm depth) was expected to be detrimental. However, the earthworm density and biomass was not lower with shallow as compared to deep ploughing (25 cm depth). With earthworm densities such as those found in farming systems with ley and animal manure, an estimated amount of 221 tonne of topsoil per hectare passes through the earthworm digestion system within one year. Field-collected geophagous earthworm casts had considerably higher concentrations of plant nutrients than bulk soil (28% higher concentration of Tot-N, 36-53% for PAL, 40%-59% for KAL). Earthworm casts are significant natural sources of plant nutrients, also in soils with high dominance of geophagous earthworm species.
Sammendrag
Bare små forskjeller blei funne i mjølkas samansetjing frå gardar med ulik engdriftsmåtar. Unntaket var innhaldet av planteøstrogen som var høgast på økologiske gardar med kortvarig eng. Fettsyremønsteret av mjølkefettet og innhaldet av planteøstrogen i mjølka var sterkt påvirka av driftsmåte, dvs økologisk eller konvensjonell drift.
Forfattere
Steffen Adler Håvard Steinshamn Søren Krogh-Jensen Stig Purup Jens Hansen-Møller Espen GovasmarkSammendrag
Bulk-tank milk was collected every second month (in 2007) from 32 farms in Middle Norway to examine the effect of grassland management and farming system on milk composition. Sixteen farms with organic farming system were paired with 16 farms with conventional farming system. In both farming systems, 9 farms had short-term rotational grassland and 7 farms had long-term grassland. Milk fatty acid (FA) composition and milk concentration of ?-tocopherol, ?-carotene, retinol, phytoestrogens and selenium were analyzed. Only small differences were found in milk composition from farms with different grassland management, except for the concentration of phytoestrogens and selenium that were highest on farms with short-term grassland. Milk FA composition, milk concentration of phytoestrogens and selenium were strongly affected by farming system. Milk from organic farming had higher concentration of phytoestrogens, selenium and higher proportion of C18:3n-3, short-chain FA, long-chain FA, saturated FA and lower proportion of C18:0, C18:1n-9, C18:2n-6 and lower n-6/n-3 FA ratio than milk from conventional farming.
Sammendrag
Only small differences were found in milk composition from farms with different grassland management, except for the concentration of phytoestrogens that was highest on organic farms with short-term grassland. Milk fatty acid composition and milk content of phytoestrogens was strongly affected by farming system
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Anita SønstebySammendrag
Presentasjon av resultater vekstfysiologiske forsøk i kontrollert klima, samt avlingsresultater for to år etter dyrking av 7 sorter på friland i plasttunnel.
Forfattere
Bruce Talbot Pierre AckermanSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
Mensur Vegara Thor S. Larsen Hans Magnus Gjøen Anders Kiessling Roger K. Abrahamsen Ole Hofstad Lars Helge Frivold Bal Ram Singh Gunnar Klemetsdal Geir-Harald Strand Dag Ragnar Blystad Åsmund AsdalSammendrag
The main objectives under this programme were: - To improve organising, content and quality of academic education and research in agriculture, veterinary medicine and forestry to meet with needs for qualified people in ongoing rebuilding after wars and to reach the general European level and standards. - Create functional and sustainable networks of regional institutions and professionals to support each other and cooperate for optimal use of limited available resources in the SEE region in a difficult rebuilding situation. The main activities were: - Research and development projects in the areas of animal sciences, crop and fodder production and use of GIS-methods in forestry and agriculture. - Support to development of staff and institutions in form of study stays, study material, covering of costs for laboratory analysis etc. related to M.Sc. and Ph.D. thesis work, guest lecturing and some equipment. - Support to reorientation of academic education in agriculture, forestry and veterinary medicine. - Support to regional networks, professional meetings, further development and use of the Programme web site and web-based teaching. The most important strategy in this Programme was to facilitate for institutional cooperation and network building between partners in the SEE area. Therefore a broad approach was chosen with a large number of partners (16) from all actual geographical areas in SEE - West Balkan - (Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia and Serbia & Montenegro) and representing most of the different ethnical groups in the region. The main intensions under the new programme is to improve the organisation, content and quality of academic education, research and support services in the faculties of agriculture, veterinary medicine and forestry in order to meet national needs in the ongoing reconstruction after the regional wars. Programme activities include activities that: ? Support and strengthen selected institutions in SEE/WB towards obtaining European professional levels and standards. ? Promote networking and scientific cooperation between the SEE/WB institutions. ? Promote networking and scientific cooperation between institutions in SEE/WB and in Norway.