Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2009
Forfattere
Arnfinn NesSammendrag
Presentasjon og promotering av Anita sønsteby som kandidat til å få FoU prisen i Oppland for 2009
Forfattere
H. LystadSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Forfattere
David Bredström Petrus Jönsson Mikael RönnqvistSammendrag
A cost efficient use of harvesting resources is important in the forest industry. The main planning is made in an annual resource plan which is continuously revised. The harvesting operations are divided into harvesting and forwarding. The harvesting operation fells trees and put them in piles in the harvest areas. The forwarding operation collects piles and moves them to storage locations adjacent to forest roads. These operations are done by machines (harvesters, forwarders and harwarders) and these are operated by crews living in cities/villages which are within some maximum distance from the harvest areas. Machines, harvest teams and harvest areas have different characteristic and properties and it is difficult to come up with the best possible match throughout the year. The aim with the planning is to come up with a cost efficient plan The total cost is based on three parts; production cost, traveling cost and moving cost. The production cost is the cost for the harvesting and the forwarding. The traveling cost is the cost for driving back and forward (daily) to the harvest area from the home base. Moving cost is associated with moving the machines and equipment between harvest areas. The Forest Research Institute of Sweden has together with a number of Swedish forest companies developed a decision support platform for the planning. An important aspect is to come up with high quality plans within short computational time. A central part is an optimization model which integrates assignment of machines to harvest areas and scheduling of the harvest areas during the year for each machine. The problem is complex and we propose a two phase solution method where we first solve the assignment problem and in a second stage the scheduling. In order be able to control the scheduling also in phase 1, we have introduced an extra cost component which balances the geographical spread of the assignments in phase 1. We have tested the solution approach on a case study from one of the larger Swedish forest companies. This case study involves 46 machines and 968 harvest areas representing a log volume of 1,33 million cubic meters. We describe some numerical results and experiences from the development and tests.
Forfattere
David Bredström Petrus Jönsson Mikael RönnqvistSammendrag
A cost efficient use of harvesting resources is important in the forest industry. The main planning is made in an annual resource plan which is continuously revised. The harvesting operations are divided into harvesting and forwarding. The harvesting operation fells trees and put them in piles in the harvest areas. The forwarding operation collects piles and moves them to storage locations adjacent to forest roads. These operations are done by machines (harvesters, forwarders and harwarders) and these are operated by crews living in cities/villages which are within some maximum distance from the harvest areas. Machines, harvest teams and harvest areas have different characteristic and properties and it is difficult to come up with the best possible match throughout the year. The aim with the planning is to come up with a cost efficient plan The total cost is based on three parts; production cost, traveling cost and moving cost. The production cost is the cost for the harvesting and the forwarding. The traveling cost is the cost for driving back and forward (daily) to the harvest area from the home base. Moving cost is associated with moving the machines and equipment between harvest areas. The Forest Research Institute of Sweden has together with a number of Swedish forest companies developed a decision support platform for the planning. An important aspect is to come up with high quality plans within short computational time. A central part is an optimization model which integrates assignment of machines to harvest areas and scheduling of the harvest areas during the year for each machine. The problem is complex and we propose a two phase solution method where we first solve the assignment problem and in a second stage the scheduling. In order be able to control the scheduling also in phase 1, we have introduced an extra cost component which balances the geographical spread of the assignments in phase 1. We have tested the solution approach on a case study from one of the larger Swedish forest companies. This case study involves 46 machines and 968 harvest areas representing a log volume of 1,33 million cubic meters. We describe some numerical results and experiences from the development and tests.
Forfattere
Erlend Nybakk Pablo Crespell Eric Hansen Anders LunnanSammendrag
Increased urbanization in many societies is having a negative impact on vitality of rural areas. To maintain the vitality of these areas governments have employed a variety of policies, some of which are designed to facilitate innovation and enhance landowner innovativeness. However, little research has investigated the antecedents to landowner innovativeness and whether innovativeness positively impacts economic performance in this setting. The present study investigates these issues in the context of Norwegian forestland owners and their involvement in non-timber forest products and services (a form of ecosystem services). The authors present a conceptual model hypothesizing that social networking, entrepreneurial climate, and a learning orientation each have a direct, positive impact on landowner innovativeness and innovativeness has a direct, positive impact on economic performance. Property size is included as a moderating variable. Data were collected via a mail survey and a total of 683 useable responses were received reaching an adjusted response rate of 35%. Results show that social networking and a learning orientation positively impact innovativeness, but that entrepreneurial climate does not. Innovativeness was found to positively impact economic performance. The authors outline implications of the findings that may be used by policy makers, landowners and research. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Forfattere
Celine Rebours Margarita Novoa GarridoSammendrag
Culture of marine finfish species is expanding with emphasis on Atlantic cod production in northern Europe. These new species have their own ectoparasite problems requiring treatment and the use of wrasse is highly successful in controlling sea lice without adding pharmaceuticals to the marine environment (e.g. Deady et al., 1995). To establish a cleaner fish production, the first step is to develop productive broodstock and determine the management practices. In the summer 2008, wild Labrus bergylta were caught to establish an adequate breeding population (Ottesen et al., 2008). These preliminary studies were conducted to identify potential problems regarding the domestication of the ballan wrasse. Fish caught from the wild have difficulty to adapt to transport and / or captivity. As a result, negative indicators have been observed such as interspecies aggression, reduction/lack of maturity, reduced appetite and diseases. The work reported here focuses on this last point and reviews the potential of microalgae to reduce the bacterial disease pressure on L. bergylta in captivity.
Forfattere
Celine Rebours Margarita Novoa GarridoSammendrag
Culture of marine finfish species is expanding with emphasis on Atlantic cod production in northern Europe. These new species have their own ectoparasite problems requiring treatment and the use of wrasse is highly successful in controlling sea lice without adding pharmaceuticals to the marine environment (e.g. Deady et al., 1995). To establish a cleaner fish production, the first step is to develop productive broodstock and determine the management practices. In the summer 2008, wild Labrus bergylta were caught to establish an adequate breeding population (Ottesen et al., 2008). These preliminary studies were conducted to identify potential problems regarding the domestication of the ballan wrasse. Fish caught from the wild have difficulty to adapt to transport and / or captivity. As a result, negative indicators have been observed such as interspecies aggression, reduction/lack of maturity, reduced appetite and diseases. The work reported here focuses on this last point and reviews the potential of microalgae to reduce the bacterial disease pressure on L. bergylta in captivity.
Forfattere
Celine Rebours Margarita Novoa GarridoSammendrag
Culture of marine finfish species is expanding with emphasis on Atlantic cod production in northern Europe. These new species have their own ectoparasite problems requiring treatment and the use of wrasse is highly successful in controlling sea lice without adding pharmaceuticals to the marine environment (e.g. Deady et al., 1995). To establish a cleaner fish production, the first step is to develop productive broodstock and determine the management practices. In the summer 2008, wild Labrus bergylta were caught to establish an adequate breeding population (Ottesen et al., 2008). These preliminary studies were conducted to identify potential problems regarding the domestication of the ballan wrasse. Fish caught from the wild have difficulty to adapt to transport and / or captivity. As a result, negative indicators have been observed such as interspecies aggression, reduction/lack of maturity, reduced appetite and diseases. The work reported here focuses on this last point and reviews the potential of microalgae to reduce the bacterial disease pressure on L. bergylta in captivity.
Forfattere
Tor Håkon Sivertsen Josef Eitzinger Sabina Thaler Simone Orlandini Pavol Nejedlik Valentin Kazandjiev Dragutin MihailovicSammendrag
During the past decades, many new software tools were developed to be used for agricultural research as well as for decision making. For example, crop and whole farm system modelling, pest and disease warning models/algorithms, models for irrigation scheduling or agroclimatic indices can help farmers significantly in decision-making for crop management options and related farm technologies. The aim of Working group 1 of COST734 was a review and assessment of agroclimatic indices and simulation models relevant for various European agricultural activities. The key results, based on a survey by questionnaires among the COST734 participating countries (see: http://www.cost734.eu/) and a literature survey, are presented in this study. It includes an overview of most used agrometeorological or agroclimatic indices and process oriented crop models for operational as well as scientific applications, an analysis of the limitations for applications and an overview of spatial applications in combination with GIS and remote sensing in Europe. The COST734 survey showed for example, that research activities regarding the development of agroclimatic indices in Europe are focused on indizes on drought, phenology, frost and heat stress. Process oriented crop models are mainly applied for wheat and maize, which is related to their importance in European crop production. In many cases there are still limitations of crop model applications in Europe, which often are related to the availability of input data. Spatial crop model applications including a combination with remote sensing data are still rare. There are a number of different models and indices in use, varying by regions and countries. From the survey it can be concluded that there is a need of standardisation and harmonization of applications of agroclimatic indices as well as crop models in Europe in order to allow inter-comparison of the results and to improve the interpretation of results.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag