Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2011
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
To understand the defence mechanisms utilized by decay fungi when exposed to different wood protection systems the study of gene expression can give us some answers. When the DNA sequences are known, primers can be designed to detect transcripts of genes with gene products related to basic cellular processes and hyphal growth. The characteristic gene products induced in different fungi by different wood protection systems can be identified. Studies on the expression of fungal genes will give us a better understanding of the fungal degradation of wood and we can optimize wood protection systems. Hence, no single technique will give us the answer to all questions about the decay of wood we need to gather small pieces of the puzzle using different approaches. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acetylation level on the growth of Postia placenta with regard to amount of total DNA and gene expression targeting 7 different genes. This paper presents preliminary results after 4 weeks of incubation. The results presented in this paper are parts of a larger project which reaches over a period of 36 weeks with sampling times after 12, 20, 28 and 36 weeks. We found no mass loss in the acetylated samples after 4 weeks of incubation in a modified soil-block test. The presence of P. placenta DNA and the absence of mass loss could indicate on an inability of the mycelia to establish a wood exploitation phase. Two genes related to carbohydrate metabolism were expressed in a higher amount in P. placenta during growth on untreated wood than during growth on acetylated wood. However, for a third gene, also related to carbohydrate metabolism, the relationship was the opposite. Two genes related to oxidative metabolism were expressed in a higher amount in P. placenta during growth on acetylated wood than during growth on untreated wood and another two genes related to oxidative metabolism showed inconsistent results.
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Blueberries belong to the genus Vaccinium, a widespread genus with more than 200 species of woody plants. In Northern Europe, the European blueberry (EB), also called bilberry, is one of the most important wild berries. EB (Vaccinium myrtillus) is very demanded by the processing industry, due to its delicious taste and high dietary value. However, to our knowledge there has been made no efforts of domestication of the species, and it is still harvested in forest fields without any cultivation. The successful management of the sweet lowbush blueberry (V. angustifolium), which in many ways is similar to the EB, suggests that there are opportunities to increase yield and decrease the significant yearly variation in EB yield, by practices including fertilization, irrigation, cutting trees, and weed control. The fruit yield in wild stands of EB is very variable, but the potential is probably close to 2 tons per hectare. Results from literature on growth of the EB, development and ecology are discussed in relation to possibilities for domestication.
Sammendrag
The recent flooding episode in Norway from May this year shows the necessity of understanding the processes of water discharge from small tributaries feeding the larger river systems. The major objective of the recently started ExFlood project is to define and analyze measures to combat negative impact of extreme weather events on infrastructure in small watershed areas in Norway and to incorporate this in a land use planning tool. Urban, agriculture, nature, and forest areas and infrastructure elements demands different approaches concerning impacts of and opportunities for extreme weather events. The approach of the ExFlood project is to reduce the peak flow and delay the peak time to avoid damages on infrastructure. Three municipalities from different climate regions in Norway contribute to the project where the planning tool will be tested, and an experimental catchment site is selected to conduct in depth process studies.
Sammendrag
This paper focuses on the improvement of a combined impregnation process (CIP, also known as the Royal process). This treatment combines the protective properties of a wood protection agent and the hydrophobic properties of a subsequent oil treatment in a wood product. Copper-based wood preservatives, which are traditionally used in CIP, are very effective but their long-term future use is questionable because of environmental concerns, especially the toxicity against water-living organisms. There is a need for new environmentally friendly wood preservative systems for a use in CIP. The substitutes for copper used in this study are natural polymers and organic biocides. The aim of this research is to describe the fixation effectiveness of the following compounds: Chitosan, Propiconazole, Wolmanit CX-8, Tannin, fire protection agent, Alginate. The scots pine sapwood samples (50´25´15) mm were impregnated and oil treated. The treated products were analysed for their preservative-and oil-retention. Preservative fixation time influence on oil treatment was tested. The treated samples were leached according to EN84. Water samples were analyzed for the amount of active ingredient.
Forfattere
Vladimir Shulaev DJ Sargent RN Crowhurst TC Mockler O Folkerts AL Delcher P Jaiswal K Mockaitis A Liston SP Mane P Burns TM Davis JP Slovin N Bassil RP Hellens C Evans T Harkins C Kodira B Desany OR Crasta RV Jensen AC Allan TP Michael JC Setubal JM Celton DJG Rees KP Williams SH Holt JJR Rojas M Chatterjee B Liu H Silva L Meisel A Adato SA Filichkin M Troggio R Viola TL Ashman H Wang P Dharmawardhana J Elser R Raja HD Priest DW Bryant SE Fox SA Givan LJ Wilhelm S Naithani A Christoffels DY Salama J Carter EL Girona A Zdepski WQ Wang RA Kerstetter W Schwab SS Korban Jahn Davik A Monfort B Denoyes-Rothan P Arus R Mittler B Flinn A Aharoni JL Bennetzen SL Salzberg AW Dickerman R Velasco M Borodovsky RE Veilleux Kevin M. FoltaSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag
Sammendrag
Several studies have been conducted on impregnability of the raw material and large variations have been found. The leaching of wood preservatives into nature is a problem, especially agents that consist copper. Leachability of i. e. copper has been studied by several authors. This study tries to set the variation of leachability of Wolmanit CX-8 and Tanalith in system, evaluating the origin of a tree and the origin of a sample. Samples of Scots pine sapwood (Pinus Sylvestris) (20×20×50 mm) were treated with the wood protection agents Wolmanit CX-8 and Tanalith. The variation in leachability within trees, between trees and between different stands of Scots pine (in Norway and Denmark) was studied. The samples were climatized, impregnated with preservatives and leached according to standard EN84. The study indicates differences between the products. Stand location and samples position in a tree play a role in preservative leaching from wood, favouring southern located trees to be more prone to loosing preservative. Also the lowest part of the tree does not fixate preservatives as well as the upper parts.
Forfattere
Tore Filbakk Geir Skjevrak Olav Albert Høibø Janka Dibdiakova Raida JirjisSammendrag
Det er ikke registrert sammendrag