Publikasjoner
NIBIOs ansatte publiserer flere hundre vitenskapelige artikler og forskningsrapporter hvert år. Her finner du referanser og lenker til publikasjoner og andre forsknings- og formidlingsaktiviteter. Samlingen oppdateres løpende med både nytt og historisk materiale. For mer informasjon om NIBIOs publikasjoner, besøk NIBIOs bibliotek.
2010
Forfattere
Johannes DeelstraSammendrag
Møteleder Johannes Deelstra for fagtreff orgsanisert av Norsk Vannforening Tema for dagen var; Grøftesystemer en snarvei for næringsstoffer og jordpartikler, hvordan håndterer vi dette i RDV/planleggingen av tiltak? Norsk landbruk trenger grøftesystemer for å kunne produsere mat. Grøftene sørger for optimale fuktforhold i rotsonen gjennom vekstsesongen, og gjør det mulig å kunne starte tidlig med våronna og dessuten foreta høsting under gunstige fuktighetsforhold i jorda. Grøftesystemer reduserer også overflateavrenning og dermed erosjon. Samtidig er grøftesystemer også en betydelig transportvei for næringsstoffer og jordpartikler til bekker, elver, innsjøer og til slutt havet. Fagtreffet vil ta opp fordeler og ulemper med grøftesystemer i forhold til avlinger og transport av forurensninger. Hvorfor og hvordan transporten skjer og mulige tiltaksløsninger i henhold til Rammedirektivet for vann
Forfattere
Johannes Deelstra Hans Olav Eggestad Arvo Iital Viesturs Jansons Line J. BarkvedSammendrag
This paper presents the results of an evaluation of the effects of hydrology onnutrient and soil loss in catchments located in Norway, Estonia and Latvia.
Forfattere
Johannes DeelstraSammendrag
Climate change and Water Resources Management -International perspectives. The presentation gave an overview of data collection systems in use in Norway and their potentail benegfits for climate change studies.
Sammendrag
Forståelse av prosesser, strømningsveier for vann er viktig for å kunne foreta de riktige valg av tiltak mot landbruksforurensning. De dominerende strømnings veier for vann i landbruket ble presentert samt hvilken betydning de har for transport av næringsstofer og erosjon.
Forfattere
Johannes Deelstra Hans Olav Eggestad Arvo Iital Viesturs Jansons Line J. BarkvedSammendrag
It is well known that farming practices, soil type, topography and climatological conditions are important factors in nutrient loss generation from agricultural dominated catchment. Also catchment scale might play an important role in nutrient loss processes. Artificial drainage of agricultural land can lead to an increase in nutrient loss, however, its magnitude is very much influenced by the soil type and drainage system. An analysis has been carried out on measured runoff in catchment of varying size in Latvia, Estonia and Norway, the results of which were presented at the NHC
Forfattere
Johannes Deelstra Line Meinert RødSammendrag
A presentation of JOVA, the Agricultural Environmental Monitoring Programme in Norway which monitors and assesses nutrient - and soil loss from small agricultural dominated catchments. One of the major objectives is to document the effect of different agricultural production systems and site - specific characteristics on erosion and nutrient losses to surface waters and to advice local and central policymakers about agricultural production systems and their environmental effects. The programme has been in operation since 1992 in 9 catchments, varying in size from 1- 20 km2, representing different agricultural practices, climatological, topographical and geo-hydrological conditions. The core of the monitoring activities consists of discharge measurement and water sampling, providing data for nutrient load calculation
Forfattere
Johannes Deelstra Hans Olav Eggestad Arvo Iital Viesturs Jansons Line J. BarkvedSammendrag
Foredrag på "Conference on Modelling Hydrology, Climate and Land Surface Processes", Lillehammer, 14 - 16 September 2010, organisert av Norsk Hydrologiråd. Foredraget til JD et al hadde som tittel " Time resolution in discharge , hydrological response and catchment characteristics" og viste frram effekter av tidsoppløsning og nedbørsfeltstørrelse på hydrologiske karakteristikker.
Forfattere
Johannes DeelstraSammendrag
En presentasjon om matprodukson uner forhold med knappe vannressurser for Bioforsk ansatte. Som en del av "Faglig Forum" opplegget. Temaer som ble behandlet/presentert - hvor mye vann trenges for å dyrke fram matr, klær- hvor mye vann trenges det til vår daglige kosthold- matbehov og økning i verdensbefolkning- forskjellige vanningsmetoder- crossboundary river og knappe vannressurser, et eksemple fra Nilen- bevistgjøring viktig
Forfattere
Brita Toppe Maria HerreroSammendrag
I 2005 ble Phytophthora ramorum funnet på rododendron i parken på Gamlehaugen. I et felt med gamle, 2-3 meter høye planter med tykke stammer og greiner syntes sykdommen å ha forårsaket mest skade. Funnet ga oss anledning til å undersøke mærmere hvordan smitte av P. ramorum overlever i jord.
Forfattere
Lars Nesheim Uffe JørgensenSammendrag
In Denmark, Finland and Sweden cultivation of energy crops has been commercial for several years. In Norway there is hardly any commercial growing of agricultural crops for energy purposes. Cereal straw is to some extent used as a solid biofuel. The objective of this chapter is to give a review of the current production of different energy crops in the Nordic countries, and to present some ideas on what may be the future biofuels in these countries. The most important bioenergy crop concerning the area of cultivation is wheat for bioethanol on about 27 000 hectares in Sweden. That constitutes about 7 % of total area of wheat. There is now one factory for bioethanol production in Sweden, and two or three more plants are planned. In Finland reed canary grass is now grown on 20 000 hectares, and the energy crop may be used in about 12 power plants in bales or as fuel-mix. This crop is well suited for Finland and Northern Sweden, where the winters are cold. There is also commercial growing of reed canary grass for biofuel in Sweden, but the area is much lower than in Finland. The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry in Finland has set a target to increase the area of energy crops to 100 000 hectares before 2016. In Sweden willow (Salix) is grown on about 13 500 hectares of agricultural land. The area is not increasing any longer, mostly due to reduced subsidies. In Denmark there is a considerable production of oil seed rape for biodiesel, but there are no adequate statistics on the oil use. In addition to the mentioned crops there is some commercial cultivation of other bioenergy crops, such as hemp, miscanthus and crops for biogas production. Phasing out fossil fuel use in the Nordic countries is a clear political focus even though the path to the goal is not yet defined in all countries. However, it seems clear that biomass will play a very significant role at least in the medium term within the next fifty years. This will be for heat and power, but also the demands for increased biofuel use in the transport sector will increase the need for biomass dramatically. First choice should be sustainable utilization of biomass residues. Growing dedicated energy crops is an option for delivering increased amounts of biomass.