Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2024
Abstract
Vegetasjon langs bekker og vannveier er viktig for biologisk mangfold, jordvern, erosjonskontroll, reduksjon av risiko for flom og tørke, og for elvens hydromorfologi. Copernicus Land Monitoring Service tilbyr geografiske produkter til støtte for forvaltning av land og vann. I denne rapporten analyserer vi potensialet til Riparian Zones temakart (RZ) for bruk til kartlegging og overvåking av vegetasjon langs bekker og vannveier i Norge og Polen. Vi inkluderer også analyser av temakartet Small Woody Features (SWF) innenfor områder kartlagt i RZ. Vi sammenlignet RZ med nasjonale data og flybilder for å verifisere kvaliteten til datasettet, både for status og endringer i arealdekke og arealbruk langs bekker og vannveier. Vi konkluderer med at den tematiske nøyaktigheten var ganske god for vann, jordbruksareal og skog, men at andre klasser ikke korresponderte like godt med de nasjonale dataene. Mange av avvikene kan skyldes forskjeller i klassifiseringssystemene, kildedatene og kartleggingsinstruksene for de forskjellige datasettene. I tillegg fant vi at den romlige oppløsningen av RZ er utilstrekkelig for detaljert overvåking, særlig i jordbrukslandskap. Likevel gir RZ en standardisert og harmonisert metodikk for hele Europa, og er et steg i riktig retning for å kunne overvåke arealdekke og arealbruk i disse dynamiske og viktige områdene.
Authors
Ragnhild Aabøe Inglingstad Tove Gulbrandsen Devold Nicola Damiano Anna Caroline Holene Nina Svartedal Irene Comi Tone Inger Eliassen Tora Asledottir Ellen Kathrine Ulleberg Gerd VegarudAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Nina SvartedalAbstract
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Authors
Nina SvartedalAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Climate change is and will continue to alter plant responses to their environment. This is especially prominent concerning the adaptive tracking in reproductive phenology. For wind pollinated plants, this will substantially influence their pollen seasonality, yet there are gaps in knowledge about how environmental variation influences pollen seasonality. To investigate this, we monitored daily atmospheric pollen concentrations of seven pollen types from ecologically, economically and allergenically important plants (alder, hazel, willow, birch, pine, grass and mugwort) in twelve Norwegian locations spanning the entire country for up to 28 years. Six daily meteorological variables (maximum temperature, precipitation, wind speed, relative humidity, solar radiation and atmospheric pressure) was obtained from the MET Nordic dataset with full data cover. The pollen seasonality was then modelled using four spatial, three temporal and the six meteorological variables in a generalized linear model approach with a negative binomial distribution to investigate how each variable group thematically and individually contribute to variation in pollen seasonality. We found that the full models explained the most variation, ranging from R2 = 20.3 % to 59.5 %. The models were also highly accurate, being able to predict 54.5 % to 99.1 % of daily pollen concentrations to within 20.1 pollen grains/m3. Overall, the temporal variables were able to explain more variation than spatial and meteorological variables for most pollen types. Month, altitude and maximum temperature were the most important single variables for each category. The importance of each variable could be traced back to their individual effects of reproductive phenology, plant metabolism, species distributions and pollen release processes. We further emphasise the importance of source maps and atmospheric regional transport models in further model improvements. By understanding the relevance of environmental variation to pollen seasonality we can make better predictions regarding the consequences of climate change on plant populations.
Abstract
Climate change is already reducing carbon sequestration in Central European forests dramatically through extensive droughts and bark beetle outbreaks. Further warming may threaten the enormous carbon reservoirs in the boreal forests in northern Europe unless disturbance risks can be reduced by adaptive forest management. The European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) is a major natural disturbance agent in spruce-dominated forests and can overwhelm the defences of healthy trees through pheromone-coordinated mass-attacks. We used an extensive dataset of bark beetle trap counts to quantify how climatic and management-related factors influence bark beetle population sizes in boreal forests. Trap data were collected during a period without outbreaks and can thus identify mechanisms that drive populations towards outbreak thresholds. The most significant predictors of bark beetle population size were the volume of mature spruce, the extent of newly exposed clearcut edges, temperature and soil moisture. For clearcut edge, temperature and soil moisture, a 3-year time lag produced the best model fit. We demonstrate how a model incorporating the most significant predictors, with a time lag, can be a useful management tool by allowing spatial prediction of future beetle population sizes. Synthesis and Applications: Some of the population drivers identified here, i,e., spruce volume and clearcut edges, can be targeted by adaptive management measures to reduce the risk of future bark beetle outbreaks. Implementing such measures may help preserve future carbon sequestration of European boreal forests.
Authors
Paul Eric Aspholm David Kniha Hans Geir Eiken Snorre Hagen Ida Marie Bardalen Fløistad Ingrid Helle Søvik Ane-Sofie Bednarczyk Hansen Simo Maduna Cornelya Klutsch Finn-Arne HaugenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
2023
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
The aim of the article is to assess whether agricultural landscapes play a role in the perception of Norway held by tourists and residents. An additional aim is to analyse whether information accompanying images on social media indicate that the photographers have acknowledged the agricultural landscape. The authors used geotagged images uploaded to the image-sharing platform Flickr in their analyses. They selected photos from within the agricultural landscapes, inspected them, and categorized them according to extent and content. Additionally, they analysed the accompanying hashtags. The findings revealed that a large proportion of the photos contained agricultural landscapes, and thus confirmed the importance of the agricultural landscape for visual perception of and access to Norwegian landscapes. In addition, the lack of agricultural-related hashtags strengthened the authors’ suspicions that this might not have been widely recognized by the photographers. Thus, while agricultural landscapes commonly are considered primarily as landscapes of food production, the authors conclude that these landscapes also fulfil other functions and that their contribution to the perception of Norway is important. Additionally, many of the landscape elements seen and analysed in the sample of photos are elements that play a role in providing cultural ecosystem services.