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Publications

NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.

2026

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Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. is a widespread weed in cereal production systems across Europe and has evolved resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)‐inhibiting herbicides in several Northern and Central European countries. This study identified and characterised resistance to the ALS‐inhibiting herbicides tribenuron‐methyl and florasulam in eight populations of T. inodorum from the Czech Republic, Germany, Norway and Sweden. The two Czech populations, with Pro‐197‐Gln + Pro‐197‐Ala substitutions in one population (CZ1) and a Pro‐197‐Thr substitution in the second population (CZ2), differed in their response to tribenuron‐methyl: CZ1 showed low resistance (resistance factor, RF: 5.2), while CZ2 exhibited high resistance (RF: > 53). However, both showed similar and low resistance to florasulam (RF: 2.5 and 3.9, respectively). The two German populations also showed contrasting responses: one population, with a Pro‐197‐Leu substitution, exhibited low resistance to both ALS inhibitors (RF: 2.8 for tribenuron‐methyl and 3.3 for florasulam), whereas the other population, with a Pro‐197‐Thr substitution, displayed high resistance to both herbicides (RF: > 53 and 12.9, respectively). Norwegian populations with a Pro‐197‐Tyr substitution and Swedish populations with Pro‐197‐Thr or Pro‐197‐Gln substitutions exhibited high resistance to tribenuron‐methyl (RF: 15.2–> 53), but only low resistance to florasulam (RF: 2.5–4.8). Geographic patterns in substitution types were evident, with Nordic populations predominantly exhibiting polar substitutions and Central European populations showing a mix of polar and non‐polar substitutions, suggesting divergent resistance evolution pathways. Notably, except for the Pro197Gln mutation, all other identified mutations have not been previously reported in T. inodorum . Overall, these results highlight the need for region‐specific resistance management strategies.

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Abstract River mouth nitrogen: phosphorus: silicon (N:P:Si) stoichiometry can predict marine eutrophication potential. Furthermore, deviations from Redfield molar N: P:Si = 16:1:20 ratios can offer insight into limiting nutrients and risks for harmful algal blooms (HAB). Here, we present N:P:Si stoichiometry based on total P, dissolved inorganic N and dissolved Si for 88 coastal river mouths in Norway, Sweden and Finland between 2017 and 2024. Rivers ranged from ultra-oligotrophic to hyper-eutrophic. N and P concentrations increased from north to south, with no latitudinal Si gradient. Most rivers were either P or jointly NP depleted relative to Si, with no overall evidence of Si depletion. However, there was some evidence of seasonal Si depletion. We show how using multi-element approaches, e.g., the Index of Coastal Eutrophication Potential (ICEP) can help to guide management actions. Specifically, Using Si depletion relative to N and P concentrations as an indicator of HAB potential may offer a means to identify catchments where nutrient load reductions can have the largest benefit on marine ecosystem health. Such multi-element approaches can complement single nutrient assessments based on, e.g., the Carlson Trophic Status Index or Water Framework Directive status class assessments.

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ABSTRACT This study evaluated the SWAT+ model in a Norwegian catchment with mixed forest-agriculture land use, tile drainage, and multiple lakes, and examined the added value of incorporating soft data as process-based constraints during calibration. The primary aim was to test whether such constraints improve hydrological consistency in addition to statistical fit. A stepwise methodology was applied, including parameter initialization, model verification, water balance soft calibration, and constraint-based hard calibration. We showed how each stage incrementally improved model performance. Three hydrological constraints were defined to represent water balance components (runoff coefficient), streamflow signatures (baseflow index), and expert knowledge of catchment behavior (tile flow ratio). Constraint-based calibration achieved slightly lower efficiency scores (NSE = 0.61, KGE = 0.72) than unconstrained calibration (NSE = 0.65, KGE = 0.77), reflecting the trade-off between optimizing performance metrics and ensuring realistic hydrological processes. The baseflow index was the most influential constraint, eliminating about 77% of non-behavioral simulations when assessed individually. The results also highlight the importance of lake initialization and the need for multiple performance metrics when tuning lake release parameters. Overall, integrating process-based knowledge strengthened internal consistency and increased confidence that SWAT+ performs well for the right reasons.

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This year marked a milestone in the history of GGAA. With over 450 participants from around 50 countries, GGAA2025 reflected our community’s truly global reach. Since its first meeting, GGAA has continued to evolve and grow in scope and themes, reflecting advances in science and the changing realities of agriculture and climate. During the opening ceremony, we highlighted challenges and opportunities for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions from ruminant livestock in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. This year we presented nine themes addressed in eight keynote presentations and 17 breakout sessions across livestock, climate, and sustainability. We also succeeded in sponsoring more than 50 researchers, including many students from non-OECD countries, whose voices are essential for shaping the future of our field. GGAA2025 placed strong emphasis on scaling solutions and addressing regional priorities, such as carbon finance. With the presence of the World Bank and IFAD, alongside our partners and sponsors, we hosted side events that brought greater focus to specific issues vital to Africa and low- and middle-income countries from Asia and Latin America. The combination of cutting-edge research, regional dialogue, and global policy engagement ensured that GGAA2025 was a platform for academic exchange addressing directly realworld problems.

Sammendrag

Foredrag om den norske rødlista for naturtyper. Foredraget tar for seg hvordan rødlistingen foregår, IUCN-kriteriene, kunnskapsgjennomgang og hovedresultater. NAturtypen kystlynghei brukes som eksempel.