Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2005
Authors
Erlend Ystrøm Haartveit Line HoemAbstract
Mergers and acquisitions have lead to an increase in company size for manufacturers as well as for distributors and retailers of structural lumber. The effect of this mutual dependency in customer-supplier relationships increases, opening for opportunities to search for efficiency improvements across company borders.This article report the findings from a case study involving a major lumber manufacturing corporation in Norway and its largest customer, a vertically integrated distributor and home improvement retailer. In particular, the order process extending from identification of demand at the retail store to fulfilment of demand was comprehensively mapped, and possible areas for improved efficiency in the supply chain were identified.Using this approach, simple solutions for process improvement are commonly found, simply because individual actors rarely focus on optimising the complete supply chain, but rather sub-optimise a small fraction of the chain.The article also discusses some of the problems encountered when developing measures of performance intended to monitor and improve the process across company borders. Creating measures for monitoring performance is technically and methodologically difficult when dealing with several actors in a complex system using different business systems. The challenge greatly increases when the actors business objectives and philosophies are traditionally conflicting.
Authors
Karl Hilding Thunes R.F. Billings Lawrence R. KirkendallAbstract
De pågående masseangrep av Dendroctonus spp. startet mer eller mindre synkront i alle sentralamerikanske land sent i 1998 og tidlig i 1999; epidemien har hittil ødelagt flere hundre tusen hektar furuskog i Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras og Nicaragua, og i et mindre omfang El Salvador. Til tross for at landene er små, er naboer og har den samme insektfienden er samarbeid over landegrensene omtrent fraværende. Hele skadebildet og omfanget er også en direkte trusselmot det sterkt truete furu-eik økosystemet i regionen. Et felles regime for forvaltning av furuskogene og deres skadegjørere bør bli utviklet for fremtiden, men koordinert aksjon for å stoppe billene blir forhindret av forskjeller i styrke, kapasitetog mandat hos de forvaltende institusjoner i hvert land. Likevel, omfanget og alvoret i den pågående epidemien har resultert i flere bilaterale og regionale initiativer, og lagt grunnen for formelle, langvarige regionale samarbeidsprogrammer i forvaltningen av denne viktige biologiske ressursen.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Magne SætersdalAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Morten EikenesAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Nina Jøhnk Ari M. Hietala Carl Gunnar Fossdal Mari-Anne Newman David B. Collinge Harald KvaalenAbstract
Stilbene synthases make the backbone of stilbenes in a single enzymatic step. Many stilbenes are stressinduced antimicrobial phenolics, believed to work in disease resistance. In conifers, stilbenes are found in pine (Pinus), spruce (Picea) and a few other genera.Stilbene synthase isoforms in pine use cinnamyl-CoA to form pinosylvin, these are termed pinosylvin synthases, whereas stilbene synthases in spruce use pcoumaryl- CoA to form resveratrol and are sometimes termed resveratrol synthases.Pinosylvin has been found to be more effective than resveratrol in inhibiting fungal growth and wood decay (Seppnen et al. 2004), and pathogens of non-pinosylvin producing species have been found to be less tolerant of pinosylvin than pine pathogens (Seppnen et al. 2004). In the present study, Norway spruce (Transformation of Norway spruce with the pinosylvin synthase gene, PSS1) was transformed using the biolistic technique with a gene encoding pinosylvin synthase, PSS1, from Scots pine and the E. coli nptII antibiotic resistance gene.Vector constructs carrying PSS1 in sense and antisense, as well as control vectors without PSS1 were transferred into two embryogenic cell lines of Norway spruce, 11703-B63 and 186-3C. Selection condition for transgenic tissue was conferred by nptII in combination with the antibiotic geneticin. Geneticin resistant lines were recovered from all transformation events, a total of 55 lines.NptII was detected by PCR analysis in many of these lines, the majority derived from the cell line 11703 B63. However, nptII protein was detected in just five lines, and several lines of evidence indicate that the transgenic lines obtained in this study might be chimaeras.Fifty-six seedlings were successfully regenerated from antibiotic resistant lines, 50 of these were derived from cell line 11703 B63. All seedlings died during cold storage before further testing could be carried out.
Authors
Toril Drabløs EldhusetAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
In this study modified wood samples were tested according to the extended standardised test procedures of ENV 807 (3 types of soils). A Round Robin test was carried out at two laboratories: Swedish National Testing and Research Institute and Norwegian Forest Research Institute.The different soil types used were conifer forest soil (pH 4.6), soil from the Simlngsdalen test field (pH 5.2) and garden compost soil (pH 7.4). The wood modifications used were furfurylation (Visorwood), acetylation and heat treatment (Thermowood). Other materials tested were linseed oil impregnated pine, reference preservative (CC and CCA) treated pine and Robinia psuedoaccacia heartwood.A dynamic MOE (MOEdyn) test device based on measurement of ultrasonic pulse propagation was used for non-destructive decay strength evaluation during the incubation period. The MOE values were correlated to measured decay mass loss of the test specimens after different periods of exposure to the soils. Type of fungal attack was also evaluated using light microscopy.Results from preliminary studies indicate that ultrasound seems to be an excellent tool for evaluation of early brown rot decay. It also seems to be feasible for detecting white rot. However it does not seem to be very accurate in evaluating early stages of soft rot decay.
Authors
Tove M. Østensvik Emmanuel Cuchet Kaj Bo Veiersted Tore Vik Petter Nilsen J. Lamiscarre Maryse Bigot Jan Johansson Hanse Caisa Carlzon Jørgen WinkelAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ingunn M. VågenAbstract
No abstract has been registered