Sustainable postharvest handling of apple
Slutt: sep 2025
Start: mai 2020
| Status | Avsluttet |
| Start- og sluttdato | 31.05.2020 - 29.09.2025 |
| Prosjektleder | Jorunn Børve |
Publikasjoner i prosjektet
Forfattere
Theresa Weigl Jorunn Børve Emily Follett Ingunn Øvsthus Carl Gunnar Fossdal Hanne Larsen Siv Fagertun RembergSammendrag
The mid-early-ripening cultivar ‘Summerred’ is popular among consumers and widely grown in Norway. However, ‘Summerred’ fruit is prone to rapid softening and development of senescence-related disorders, especially senescent breakdown. Calcium can have a significant role in maintaining firmness and delaying senescence of fruits. In a two-year study, foliar application of calcium chloride (CaCl2) was conducted six times, with varying weather conditions between the growing seasons. Fruit was harvested at optimal commercial maturity and stored at 4°C for either 6 or 9 weeks, followed by simulated shelf-life conditions at 20°C. Ethylene levels were monitored during storage to detect ripening discrepancies. At harvest, CaCl2-treated fruit exhibited significantly lower ethylene production compared to untreated fruit, although no differences were observed at the end of the storage period. Senescent breakdown showed significant variability between the two seasons, with an incidence of up to 15% in the first season and nearly no incidence in the second. Senescent breakdown increased with storage duration but was unaffected by foliar CaCl2 application. Real-time PCR analysis of fruit flesh samples revealed increased expression of polygalacturonase and β-galactosidases genes after storage, indicating their involvement in apple softening. Notably, there were no differences in gene expression between CaCl2-treated and untreated fruit after storage. Expression patterns of genes involved in ethylene biosynthesis at harvest were different between the two seasons. Higher expression was observed in the year with greater disorder development, indicating greater maturity at harvest. There were no significant differences in the Streif index between the two years.
Sammendrag
The four main apple cultivars in Norway, ‘Discovery’, ‘Summerred’, ‘Red Gravenstein’, and ‘Red Aroma’, account for approximately 80% of the market volume. These cultivars provide good yields in a Nordic climate with a short growing season but have relatively limited storage and shelf life. The main challenges are the rapid loss of firmness and senescence-related disorders, both of which are connected to ripening and ethylene. Several projects investigated possible ways to secure fruit quality at the consumer level by improving conditions at the packinghouse. One of the factors to evaluate was ethylene levels in fruit storage rooms. Ethylene concentrations were measured in cold storage rooms with varying volumes of fruit using a portable instrument equipped with an electrocatalytic sensor for continuous, in-situ measurement of ethylene in the air. Ethylene concentrations between 10 and 35 ppm were measured in 18% of the rooms, whereas 82% had concentrations between 0 and 10 ppm. Fruit samples were assessed for ethylene production rates in their expected cold storage period. The values obtained were used to evaluate the risk of high ethylene levels in certain rooms before packaging, to recommend which cultivars could be kept in the same rooms, and for how long. Treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) was also tested to improve fruit quality during storage further. The 1-MCP treatment revealed considerable potential for maintaining the postharvest quality of the tested Norwegian apples.
Forfattere
Theresa Weigl Jorunn Børve Melissa Magerøy Hanne Larsen Carl Gunnar Fossdal Siv Fagertun RembergSammendrag
The physiological disorder soft scald may cause losses in apple fruit storage. This study aimed at understanding the interplay between fruit maturity at harvest and storage temperature on soft scald development in the susceptible cultivar ‘Red Aroma’. Fruit harvested late and subsequently stored at −0.5 °C developed the significantly highest soft scald incidence. Overall ethylene and CO2-production was reduced in late harvested fruit stored at −0.5 °C, while fruit from the early harvest showed a cold-induced ethylene increase under the same storage conditions, suggesting an active cold-acclimation response. Clustering of RNA sequencing data and overrepresentation analysis revealed that transcripts involved in cell wall modification, ripening-associated signaling, antioxidant defense system and secondary metabolism were upregulated in late harvested fruit at harvest as well as soft scald-affected fruit after storage. In contrast, early harvested fruit at harvest and disorder-free fruit after storage showed higher expression of transcripts associated with abiotic stress resistance, such as leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases, protein kinases with tetratricopeptide repeat domains, and auxin response factor, indicating a potential link between early maturity and enhanced cold tolerance in ‘Red Aroma’ apple fruit.
Forfattere
Jorunn BørveSammendrag
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Forfattere
Theresa WeiglSammendrag
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Forfattere
Emily FollettSammendrag
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Forfattere
Emily FollettSammendrag
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Forfattere
Jorunn BørveSammendrag
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Forfattere
Jorunn BørveSammendrag
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Forfattere
Emily Follett Jorunn Børve Yosef al Shoffe Theresa Weigl Siv Fagertun Remberg Chris WatkinsSammendrag
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Forfattere
Emily Follett Jorunn Børve Yosef Al Shoffe Theresa Weigl Siv Fagertun Remberg Chris WatkinsSammendrag
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