Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2017
Authors
Claudia Kammann Jim Ippolito Nikolas Hagemann Nils Borchard Maria Luz Cayuela José M. Estavillo Teresa Fuertes-Mendizabal Simon Jeffery Jürgen Kern Jeff Novak Daniel Rasse Sanna Saarnio Hans-Peter Schmidt Kurt Spokas Nicole Wrage-MönnigAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
This journal provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Forest covers 37% of Norway’s combined area, almost half of which is made up by the tree species called Norway spruce. The rest consists of mostly pine and birch. It is therefore only natural that spruce forests should feature so heavily on black metal album covers and lyrics. The extreme music genre of black metal, as we think of it today, was birthed in Norway. Although it could be said that its place of origin was accidental, the subsequent use and appropriation of that place’s topographic features was not. Since its inception in the early nineties, the genre has spawned countless bands across the globe, many who take on its misanthropic ethos, but also a deep reverence and respect for nature. Within black metal’s aesthetic, photographs of ominous black tree lines and lyrics about disappearing into the depths of the forest abound – it is almost as if the spruce tree has become its own character in the mythology that black metal has become.
Authors
Holger LangeAbstract
Long time series of environmental variables are reflecting the dynamics of ecosystems. Data on climate, water, carbon, nutrients and other observables provide the key to understand terrestrial systems and to detect trends, systemic changes and responses, e.g. to changing climate, disturbances, or management. We present a number of diagnostic measures, based on symbolic dynamics or order statistics, which quantify the information content and the complexity of environmental time series. Three examples for the application of complexity measures in environmental sciences will be provided: Earth System Models and their ability to reproduce observations of Gross Primary Productivity, the dynamics of river runoff, and long-term behavior of ion concentrations in stream water from a monitoring site in Germany. Diagnostic measures of this kind provide data-analytical tools that distinguish different types of natural processes based solely on their dynamics, and are thus highly suitable for environmental science applications such as model structural diagnostics.
Authors
Ingunn M. VågenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ingunn M. VågenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ingunn M. VågenAbstract
Genetic resources of pea (Pisum sativum) may represent valuable traits for inclusion in breeding programs, but may also be valuable directly due to good adaptation to local agro-climatic conditions, or have market potential as heirloom foods. Grain legume production in Norway is limited compared to many other European countries, but increased acreage is desired and expected for several reasons. A short growing season and the specific agro-climatic conditions makes choice of genotypes important for reliable grain and protein yields. During three years, several evaluation field trials with pea genetic resources were carried out in Southern Norway, assessing morphological and phenological traits, seed yields and protein levels. The trials included pea accessions from Norway(1), Sweden(6), Finland(1), Latvia(8), Estonia(9) and Portugal(1), as well as commercial cultivars(6). The genotypes differed widely in grain yield, time and duration of flowering, maturity, plant height, and resistance to lodging. Seed protein levels ranged from 24.0 to 32.7%. Protein levels for these pea genotypes under Norwegian field conditions appear to be higher than in comparable trials in countries at lower latitudes. The research was supported by the EU FP7 project Eurolegume and NordGen (Nordic Genetic Resource Center).
Authors
Alice Budai Lucia Calucci Daniel Rasse Line Tau Strand Annelene Pengerud Daniel Wiedemeier Samuel Abiven Claudia ForteAbstract
Infrared and 13C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies and benzene polycarboxylic acids (BPCA) analysis were used to characterize the structural changes occurring during slow pyrolysis of corncob and Miscanthus at different temperatures from 235 °C to 800 °C. In the case of corncob, a char sample obtained from flash carbonization was also investigated. Spectroscopic techniques gave detailed information on the transformations of the different biomass components, whereas BPCA analysis allowed the amount of aromatic structures present in the different chars and the degree of aromatic condensation to be determined. The results showed that above 500 °C both corncob and Miscanthus give polyaromatic solid residues with similar degree of aromatic condensation but with differences in the structure. On the other hand, at lower temperatures, char composition was observed to depend on the different cellulose/hemicellulose/lignin ratios in the feedstocks. Flash carbonization was found to mainly affect the degree of aromatic condensation.
Authors
Claudia Bazzani Vincenzina Caputo Rodolfo M. Jr. Nayga Maurizio CanavariAbstract
We investigate consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for local and organic foods using a nonhypothetical choice experiment. Past studies have observed that beliefs and attitudes affect consumers’ preferences for local and organic productions claims. However, in psychology, personality is an important factor in explaining individuals’ attitudes and behavior, since personality traits are stable features which capture how individuals think, feel, and behave. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the interaction between personality traits and consumers’ preferences for both local and organic food products. We used applesauce as the product in question, and we implemented the MIDI (Midlife Development Inventory) scale to capture respondents’ personalities. We focused on the “Big Five” personality traits: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. We find that personality traits can be sources of heterogeneity in consumers’ preferences for locally produced, but not for organic applesauce.