Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2018
Authors
Zhibo Hamborg Minrui Wang Sissel Haugslien Astrid Sivertsen Morten Rasmussen Qiaochun* Wang Dag-Ragnar BlystadAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Guro BrodalAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Zhibo HamborgAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Zhibo HamborgAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Camilo Chiang Oda Toresdatter Aas Marianne Rindedal Jetmundsen YeonKyeong Lee Sissel Torre Inger Sundheim Fløistad Jorunn Elisabeth OlsenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Charlotte Gaillard Hamzah Shahbaz Bhatti Margarita Novoa-Garrido Vibeke Lind Michael Roleda Martin Riis WeisbjergAbstract
The potential of seaweeds as alternative protein source was investigated in relation to their amino acid (AA) profiles and the ruminal and total tract digestibility of these AAs. Three red (Mastocarpus stellatus, Palmaria palmata, and Porphyra sp.), four brown (Alaria esculenta, Laminaria digitata, Pelvetia canaliculata, and Saccharina latissima), and two green (Cladophora rupestris. and Ulva sp.) seaweed species were used in this study (hereafter, referred to by Genus name only). All seaweeds were collected in Bodø, Northern Norway, during Spring and Autumn in 2014 and 2015, except Ulva, which was only sampled in Autumn of both years, and Saccharina which was not sampled in Spring 2014. All the samples were studied for AA concentration. Six species (Cladophora, Laminaria, Mastocarpus, Palmaria, Porphyra and Ulva) were selected for the more resource demanding in situ study. Species and season interactively affected the content of total AA in crude protein in different seaweeds investigated (P=0.02), with values ranging from 67.2 for Laminaria in Spring to 90.2 gAA/16 g N for Ulva in Autumn. in situ AA degradability was also species specific. The seasonality of total AA in crude protein of different seaweed species mostly did not affect their ruminal degradability, except for alanine, while species and season interactively affected proline’s ruminal degradability. The total tract degradability showed that for Laminaria and Mastocarpus, methionine followed by leucine, isoleucine, histidine and lysine, were protected against rumen degradation. These protections seemed to be acid labile allowing digestion in the lower digestive tract. However, due to high indigestible fractions, these two seaweeds provided low amounts of AA to the intestines. Total tract AA digestibility values were the highest for Porphyra (906 g/kg) followed by Palmaria (843 g/kg) and the green seaweeds. To conclude, Laminaria and Mastocarpus are beneficial sources for bypass protein supply as they contain AA protected against rumen degradation. Based on their amount of AA and their AA degradability, Porphyra, followed by Palmaria and the green seaweeds (Ulva and Cladophora) can be considered as relevant sources of protein for ruminants.
Abstract
Viral diseases (a biotic stress) and salinity (an abiotic stress) have been/are the two major constraints for sustainable development of the world’s agricultural production including potato. Crops grown in field are often exposed simultaneously to abiotic and biotic stress, and responses of plants to co-stress by two or more factors may differ from those to each of the multiple stresses. Using in vitro cultures, we demonstrated that virus infection (singly and in combination) or salt, and co-stress by virus infection (singly and in combination) and salt significantly reduced growth and microtuber production, and caused severely oxidative cell damage determined by levels of O2·− and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, and H2O2 localization in situ. Alterations in physiological metabolism by increasing total soluble sugar and free proline, and by decreasing chlorophyll content are responses of potato plantlets to virus infection (singly and in combination) or salt stress and co-stress by virus infection (singly and in combination) and salt. Oxidative cell damage and reduced chlorophyll content caused by virus and/or salt are believed to be responsible for the reduced growth, eventually resulting in decreased tuber yield. Results reported here would help us to better understand possible mechanism of reduced tuber yield by virus infection and/or salt stress.
Authors
Mark McMullan Maryam Rafiqi Gemy Kaithakottil Bernardo J. Clavijo Lorelei Bilham Elizabeth Orton Lawrence Percival-Alwyn Ben J. Ward Anne Edwards Diane G.O. Saunders Gonzalo Garcia Accinelli Jonathan Wright Walter Verweij Georgios Koutsovoulos Kentaro Yoshida Tsuyoshi Hosoya Louisa Williamson Philip Jennings Renaud Ioos Claude Husson Ari Hietala Adam Vivian-Smith Halvor Solheim Dan MaClean Christine Fosker Neil Hall James K.M. Brown David Swarbreck Mark Blaxter J. Allan Downie Matthew D. ClarkAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Jan Pisek Henning Buddenbaum Fernando Camacho Joachim Hill Jennifer L.R. Jensen Holger Lange Zhili Liu Arndt Piayda Yonghua Qu Olivier Roupsard Shawn P. Serbin Svein Solberg Oliver Sonnentag Anne Thimonier Francesco VuoloAbstract
Clumping index (CI) is a measure of foliage aggregation relative to a random distribution of leaves in space. The CI can help with estimating fractions of sunlit and shaded leaves for a given leaf area index (LAI) value. Both the CI and LAI can be obtained from global Earth Observation data from sensors such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS). Here, the synergy between a MODIS-based CI and a MODIS LAI product is examined using the theory of spectral invariants, also referred to as photon recollision probability (‘p-theory’), along with raw LAI-2000/2200 Plant Canopy Analyzer data from 75 sites distributed across a range of plant functional types. The p-theory describes the probability (p-value) that a photon, having intercepted an element in the canopy, will recollide with another canopy element rather than escape the canopy. We show that empirically-based CI maps can be integrated with the MODIS LAI product. Our results indicate that it is feasible to derive approximate p-values for any location solely from Earth Observation data. This approximation is relevant for future applications of the photon recollision probability concept for global and local monitoring of vegetation using Earth Observation data.