Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2006
Authors
Joha W. Grobbelaar Michael J. Wingfield P. Bloomer Halvor Solheim Brenda D. WingfieldAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
There is increasing awareness of the need to monitor trends in our constantly changing agricultural landscapes. Monitoring programmes often use remote sensing data and focus on changes in land cover/land use in relation to values such as biodiversity, cultural heritage and recreation.Although a wide range of indicators is in use, landscape aesthetics is a topic that is frequently neglected. Our aim was to determine whether aspects of landscape content and configuration could be used as surrogate measures for visual landscape quality in monitoring programmes based on remote sensing.In this paper, we test whether map-derived indicators of landscape structure from the Norwegian monitoring programme for agricultural landscapes are correlated with visual landscape preferences. Two groups of people participated: (1) locals and (2) non-local students.Using the total dataset, we found significant positive correlations between preferences and spatial metrics, including number of land types, number of patches and land type diversity. In addition, preference scores were high where water was present within the mapped image area, even if the water itself was not visible in the images.When the dataset was split into two groups, we found no significant correlation between the preference scores of the students and locals. Whilst the student group preferred images portraying diverse and heterogeneous landscapes, neither diversity nor heterogeneity was correlated with the preference scores of the locals.We conclude that certain indicators based on spatial structure also have relevance in relation to landscape preferences in agricultural landscapes. However, the finding that different groups of people prefer different types of landscape underlines the need for care when interpreting indicator values
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Bernard Slippers Rimvis Vasiliauskas Brett Hurley Jan Stenlid Michael J. WingfieldAbstract
The Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria and the Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, Uppsala, Sweden are collaborating on a study of the Siricid-Fungal symbiosis, and its parasites. This project aims to address questions in two general areas, namely (a) the evolution and biology of mutualistic symbiosis and (b) the monitoring and control of wood inhabiting pests and pathogens that threaten biodiversity and forest production in introduced and native environments...
Authors
Andreas TreuAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Antti Uotila Henna Penttinen Gunnar SalingreAbstract
In August – October 2003 three biological control experiments were established near Hyytiälä Forestry Field Station of Helsinki University in southern Finland. Water suspension of mycelia of the basidiomycete Chondrostereum purpureum was inoculated on stumps just after felling in order to examine the impact of inoculation on tree sprouting...
Authors
Remigijus Bakys Rimvis Vasiliauskas Pia Barklund Katarina Ihrmark Jan StenlidAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Juha Kaitera Heikki Nuorteva Jarkko HantulaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Talis GaitnieksAbstract
Normally, infection by Heterobasidion annosum does not affect the fine roots of Norway spruce. Thus, mycorrhizas may be found with rot-affected conifers. The objective of the given study was to compare the morphological indices and mycorrhization of fine roots for rot-infected and healthy Norway spruce trees. The root samples were collected on 14 plots. In 6 of the plots H. annsoum was established. The plots were either on mineral soils or peaty soils. The major morphological indices of fine roots (such as root length, volume, number of root tips) were found to be substantially higher (=0,05) for the plots with only healthy Norway spruce trees. Twisted, irregularly thickened mycorrhizas of bunch-like distribution were dominant for the plots with H. annosum infected Norway spruce trees.
Abstract
Ecosystems commonly fall under the rubric of complex systems (West and Brown 2004). Nevertheless, in the practical management of certain ecosystems, we encounter simple heuristic rules of human interference that are often derived from cultural traditions rather than from scientific study. The increased technical power of computer-based simulation tools and their increased mathematical formalization may either remove former technical limits (e.g., of prediction) or, in contrast, reveal the fundamental character of some of these limits. Here, we shall argue that both cases occur, and that the main effect of simulation technology is to bring the distinction between these cases into scientific awareness.