Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2010
Authors
Bruce Talbot Nils Egil Søvde H. Fridén Lars WilhelmssonAbstract
This paper builds on findings from the recently finalised work package 3.9 of the EU Indisputable Key project. Three institutes cooperated in developing intricate models spanning from the standing tree to the dispatch yard of a Swedish window manufacturer. Numerous timber properties were assigned to RFID tags, applied to the log at felling by a specially adapted harvester head. Logs were allocated to each of seven sawmills according to their timber properties using an LP based optimisation procedure. Simulation was then used to compare the fate of traced timber throughout the production lines of one of the sawmills and its downstream manufacturers.....
Abstract
The aliphatic biopolyesters cutins and suberins have been suggested to significantly contribute to the stable pool of soil organic matter (SOM), and to be tracers for the above- or belowground origin of plant material. Contrary to other plant-derived aliphatic molecules found in the lipid fraction of soils, the stable isotope derived estimates of turnover of cutins and suberins have never been studied in soils. The aim of this study was to analyse the dynamics of shoot- and root-derived biomarkers in soils using a wheat and maize (C3/C4) chronosequence, where changes in the natural 13C abundance can be used to evaluate the incorporation of new carbon into SOM at the molecular level. The relative distribution of aliphatic monomers in wheat and maize roots and shoots suggested that a,u-alkanedioic acids can be considered as root-specific markers and mid-chain hydroxy acids as shoot-specific markers. The contrasting distribution of the plant-specific monomers in plants and soils might be explained by different chemical mechanisms leading to selective degradation or stabilization of some biomarkers. The changes of the 13C isotopic signatures of these markers with years of maize cropping after wheat evidenced their contrasted behaviour in soil. After 12 years of maize cropping, shoot markers present in soil samples probably originated from old C3 vegetation suggesting that new maize cutin added to soils was mostly degraded within a year. The reasons for long-term stabilization of shoot biomarkers remain unclear. By contrast, maize root markers were highly incorporated into SOM during the first six years of maize crop, which suggested a selective preservation of root biomass when compared to shoots, possibly due to physical protection.
Abstract
Cone and seed insects reduce seed production in seed orchards by feeding on cones and/or seeds and thus cause a lack of seedlings for reforestation. One of the most serious pest species in conifers is the spruce cone worm, Dioryctria abietella. Since 2007, we have used pheromone traps to monitor the flight of this species in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden (and Estonia from 2009). In addition to monitoring, all countries have measured air temperatures in the vicinity of the traps. It is thus possible to correlate flight activity with temperature and temperature sums (accumulated day degrees >5°C). In Sweden cone development has also been registered throughout the monitoring period. Our results show that D. abietella has an extended flight period in Northern Europe, which lasts from late May to late September. Further research is needed to determine if late flying individuals oviposit on shoots or in cones. Increased knowledge about the flight period of D. abietella and how it coincides with temperature and cone development may help us develop better control measures against this important pest.
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No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Microbial disfigurement of coated wooden surfaces is considered a major maintenance concern and will shorten the aesthetic service life of wooden facades. The effect of the physical surface structure of a paint film when applied on wood may have an impact on the susceptibility to mould growth. Six model paints were formulated to give the following physical surface structures: glossy, matt, soft, hard, hydrophobic, and a film with air inclusion. The model paints and a standard paint, with and without fungicide, were applied on panels of Norway spruce (Picea abies L Karst.) and exposed outdoors for nearly three years according to a modified version of EN 927-3. A logistic regression model was fit to the data, and the degree of mould growth varied with exposure time and type of paint. Hard model paint was significantly more susceptible than the other model paints and had a performance close to the standard paint without fungicide. Soft model paint provided the best performance, with the least mould growth. Temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation did not significantly contribute to the model. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Authors
Karen RefsgaardAbstract
No abstract has been registered
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Authors
Ievina SturiteAbstract
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Authors
Vicki Stone Bernd Nowack Anders Baun Nico van den Brink Frank von der Kammer Maria Dusinska Richard Handy Steven Hankin Martin Hassellöv Erik J. Joner Teresa FernandesAbstract
No abstract has been registered