Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2011
Abstract
The collapse of the Soviet Union in the Central Asian countries has led to enormous challenges for them in ensuring a sustainable environment. Weak economies and lack of expertise in environmental sciences were important reasons for the Norwegian support to the environmental sector in this region. The State Forest Service of the Kyrgyz Republic and the Norwegian Forestry Group initiated the TEMP project, later renamed TEMP-CA, in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2004. Activities in the Republic of Tajikistan were included in 2007 and in the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2008. The forestry sectors in the Kyrgyz Republic and neighbouring countries in Central Asia, surrounding the Fergana Valley, are closely linked to the environmental and emergency planning sectors. Overgrazing and overharvesting have contributed to a dramatic decline in forest cover. The TEMP-CA project contributes to a better understanding of environmental problems and sustainable forestry in Central Asia.The TEMP-CA project has promoted institutional co-operation between Norway and the Central Asian countries as well as between different institutions both within and between the countries of Central Asia. Increased expertise for scientists, fieldworkers, laboratory staff and staff in different forest departments as well as institutional development in general are important outputs from the TEMP-CA project.
Abstract
The collapse of the Soviet Union in the Central Asian countries has led to enormous challenges for them in ensuring a sustainable environment. Weak economies and lack of expertise in environmental sciences were important reasons for the Norwegian support to the environmental sector in this region. The State Forest Service of the Kyrgyz Republic and the Norwegian Forestry Group initiated the TEMP project, later renamed TEMP-CA, in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2004. Activities in the Republic of Tajikistan were included in 2007 and in the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2008. The forestry sectors in the Republic of Tajikistan and neighbouring countries in Central Asia, surrounding the Fergana Valley, are closely linked to the environmental and emergency planning sectors. Overgrazing and overharvesting have contributed to a dramatic decline in forest cover. The TEMP-CA project contributes to a better understanding of environmental problems and sustainable forestry in Central Asia. The TEMP-CA project has promoted institutional co-operation between Norway and the Central Asian countries as well as between different institutions both within and between the countries of Central Asia. Increased expertise for scientists, fieldworkers, laboratory staff and staff in different forest departments as well as institutional development in general are important outputs from the TEMP-CA project.
Abstract
The collapse of the Soviet Union in the Central Asian countries has led to enormous challenges for them in ensuring a sustainable environment. Weak economies and lack of expertise in environmental sciences were important reasons for the Norwegian support to the environmental sector in this region. The State Forest Service of the Kyrgyz Republic and the Norwegian Forestry Group initiated the TEMP project, later renamed TEMP-CA, in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2004. Activities in the Republic of Tajikistan were included in 2007 and in the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2008. The forestry sectors in the Kyrgyz Republic and neighbouring countries in Central Asia, surrounding the Fergana Valley, are closely linked to the environmental and emergency planning sectors. Overgrazing and overharvesting have contributed to a dramatic decline in forest cover. The TEMP-CA project contributes to a better understanding of environmental problems and sustainable forestry in Central Asia. The TEMP-CA project has promoted institutional co-operation between Norway and the Central Asian countries as well as between different institutions both within and between the countries of Central Asia. Increased expertise for scientists, fieldworkers, laboratory staff and staff in different forest departments as well as institutional development in general are important outputs from the TEMP-CA project. The Gauyan monitoring site in Batken oblast in the Kyrgyz Republic was the seventh of ten monitoring sites established in forests in Central Asia: 1: ”Kara-Koi” in the Osch oblast, the Kyrgyz Republic. 2: ”Sogot in the Jalal-Abad oblast, the Kyrgyz Republic. 3: “Dugoba” in Batken oblast, the Kyrgyz Republic. 4: “Besh-Tash” Talas oblast, the Kyrgyz Republic. 5: “Sary-Chelek”, in Jalal-Abad oblast, the Kyrgyz Republic. 6: “Navobod” in Sogdi oblast, the Republic of Tajikistan. 7: “Gauyan” in Batken oblast, the Kyrgyz Republic. 8: “Zaamin” in Djizak region, the Republic of Uzbekistan. 9: “Urumbash” in Jalal-Abad oblast, the Kyrgyz Republic. 10: “Umalak Teppa”, Tashkent region, the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Abstract
The collapse of the Soviet Union in the Central Asian countries has led to enormous challenges for them in ensuring a sustainable environment. Weak economies and lack of expertise in environmental sciences were important reasons for the Norwegian support to the environmental sector in this region. The State Forest Service of the Kyrgyz Republic and the Norwegian Forestry Group initiated the TEMP project, later renamed TEMP-CA, in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2004. Activities in the Republic of Tajikistan were included in 2007 and in the Republic of Uzbekistan from 2008. The forestry sectors in the Kyrgyz Republic and neighbouring countries in Central Asia, surrounding the Fergana Valley, are closely linked to the environmental and emergency planning sectors. Overgrazing and overharvesting have contributed to a dramatic decline in forest cover. The TEMP-CA project contributes to a better understanding of environmental problems and sustainable forestry in Central Asia. The TEMP-CA project has promoted institutional co-operation between Norway and the Central Asian countries as well as between different institutions both within and between the countries of Central Asia. Increased expertise for scientists, fieldworkers, laboratory staff and staff in different forest departments as well as institutional development in general are important outputs from the TEMP-CA project. [...]
Abstract
The main task of the C1-Dep-22(SI) action was to compare national throughfall collectors with a harmonized collector which was designed according to the requirements of the WMO. The action spread onthe took place in very different climate zones and vegetation, and included a very different types of national collectors with different sampling procedures. The number of harmonized throughfall collectors was 30 for all participants. The spatial arrangement in the plot, sampling times, sampling and cleaning procedures, bulking of the subsamples and chemical analysis procedures were in all cases the national procedures. The time when the precipitation was in the form of snow was excluded from the sampling periods. The associated beneficiaries reported the amounts of the precipitation per collector and the results from chemical analysis per pooled sample. The measured quantities were compared for different types of forest or main tree species. The deviations between collectors were lower in the plots with the broadleaf trees than in the plots with conifers as the main tree species. The median deviations for conifers and for broadleaves trees is not significantly different from zero. Except in a few cases, a good agreement in the amount of precipitation was found between the national and harmonized collectors for both throughfall and bulk precipitation. In a few incidents this was not the case but we assume that where this was not the case, this was due to happened in extreme weather conditions e. g. heavy storms. Also good agreement was also found within for the chemical composition of the solutions, gathered with different types of collectors. Again, there were some deviations limited to on single occasions. It was found that the harmonized collectors were attractive to birds and thus a bird ring is a must in this (white) -coloured version of the collector. Chemical analysis (chemical composition) together with the collected amount of the solution depends on give the total deposition values. It was made a close up to the deposition values of ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen and sulphate-sulphur were compared in detail. For ammonium-nitrogen no bigger difference was found for the one-year deposition values except in one case what which turned out to be almost certainly a consequence of birds activity. Differences in all other cases were no more than 0.3 g m-2 yr-1. For nitrate-nitrogen smaller deviations were found but in none of the case was the difference was in total annual deposition higher than 0.3 g m-2 yr-1. For sulphate-sulphur good agreement was found for all associated beneficiaries except two. One of the Possible reasons could be in the difference of in the ability in collecting dry deposition and/or the total area which contributes to the capturing area for dry deposition. Despite their heterogeneity and some unlack of adaptation for representative sampling at the plot scale, the national devices for throughfall collection gave comparable results infor throughfall deposition to the harmonized, optimal collectors. In conclusion national throughfall collection devices can be maintained to ensure the continuity of the time series in deposition monitoring. And to improve the harmonized collector even more, problems with the possible blockages of the tube at the bottom of the funnel because of debris should be solved.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Haakon Helland Per Gustav Anders Leufvén Gunnar Bengtsson Anne-Berit Wold Hanne Larsen Mette Thomsen Elin Merete Wetterhus Liv Berge Arne HermansenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Miguel D. Mahecha Markus Reichstein Nuno Carvalhais Gitta Lasslop Holger Lange Sonia I. Seneviratne Rodrigo Vargas Christof Ammann M. Altaf Arain Alessandro Cescatti Ivan A. Janssens Mirco Migliavacca Leonardo Montagnani Andrew D. RichardsonAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Miguel D. Mahecha Markus Reichstein Nuño Carvalhais Gitta Lasslop Holger Lange Sonia I. Seneviratne Rodrigo Vargas Christof Ammann M. Altaf Arain Alessandro Cescatti Ivan A. Janssens Mirco Migliavacca Leonardo Montagnani Andrew D. RichardsonAbstract
We estimated the sensitivity of terrestrial ecosystem respiration to air temperature across 60 FLUXNET sites by minimizing the effect of seasonally confounding factors. Graf et al. now offer a theoretical perspective for an extension of our methodology. However, their critique does not change our main findings and, given the currently available observational techniques, may even impede a comparison across ecosystems.
Authors
Elisabeth Conrad Louis F Cassar Michael Jones Sebastian Eiter Zita Izaovičová Zuzana Barankova Mike Christie Ioan FazeyAbstract
The involvement of the public in decision-making is established as a key feature of many planning policies. However, there is evidence from the literature of a prevailing gap between participation rhetoric on paper and participation at the operational level. We assess whether this is also the case with landscape policy and review landscape characterization and assessment initiatives in England, Norway, Slovakia and Malta, focusing on five dimensions of good practice: (i) scope of public participation, (ii) representativeness of those involved, (iii) timeliness of public involvement, (iv) extent to which participation is rendered comfortable and convenient for the public, and (v) eventual influence of public input on decisions. Reviewed reporting results indicate weaknesses in the implementation of public participation, with public involvement largely limited to consultation, with few efforts to ensure representativeness of participants, with predominantly late involvement of the public, and with limited influence of the public on outputs. Furthermore, few efforts appear to be made to facilitate participation for the public. Although the cases studied differ, none of them are fully satisfactory in relation to the European Landscape Convention's participatory targets. The reporting of public participation processes thus suggests that practices may fail to match the rhetoric.