Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2025
Authors
Komi Mensah Agboka Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman Daisy Salifu Brian Kanji Frank T. Ndjomatchoua Ritter Atoundem Guimapi Sunday Ekesi Landmann TobiasAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
In 2024, spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) catches decreased in all counties except Telemark, Sør-Trøndelag, and Nordland. The highest catches this year were observed in Telemark and Buskerud. In Telemark, the catches are the highest recorded since the major spruce bark beetle outbreak that started in the mid-1970s. In Buskerud, while catches have declined compared to last year, they remain historically high. In Oppland, the catches have decreased markedly from the record-breaking year of 2023 but remain at moderately high levels. Across Southern Norway, this year’s catches are slightly above the 46-year average. The relatively high catches in Buskerud and Oppland are likely a delayed response to the storm damage in November 2021, as municipalities heavily affected by the storm report especially high catches. Additionally, field reports in 2024 indicate attacks on standing trees in areas with much windfall after the 2021 storm. Many of these damage reports likely pertain to trees attacked by beetles in 2023 or earlier but that are only now showing visible symptoms. The 2024 bark beetle season was characterized by extremely dry and warm weather in May, followed by a very wet summer with normal to slightly below-average temperatures. The warm May weather coincides with the beetles' primary flight period, favoring beetle dispersal and egg-laying. Additionally, the dry conditions in May may have stressed spruce trees, reducing their resistance to beetle attacks. The wet weather later in the summer likely benefited the trees while being sub-optimal for the beetles. Overall, the weather conditions during the 2024 season were probably relatively favorable for the beetles. A temperature-based development model estimate that, by September 17, the spruce bark beetle could have completed two generations near the Oslofjord, along the southern coastline, and in low-lying inland valleys. However, these model results do not necessarily mean that the beetles completed two generations in 2024 but indicate that conditions were warm enough to make it possible.
Authors
Linn Vassvik Anders Nielsen Michael P.D. Garratt Bjørn Arild Hatteland Joseph Chipperfield Erik Trond AschehougAbstract
No abstract has been registered
2024
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Ingeborg Klingen Nils Bjugstad Therese With Berge Krzysztof Kusnierek Hans Wilhelm Wedel-Jarlsberg Roger Holten Anette Sundbye Lene Sigsgaard Håvard Eikemo Kirsten Tørresen Valborg KvakkestadAbstract
Droner til bruk i plantevern i jord- og hagebruk er relativt nytt og i dette forprosjektet ønsket vi å etablere et kunnskapsgrunnlag for bærekraftig bruk av droner i norsk plantevern. Vi gjorde dette ved å: 1) Systematisere kunnskap om avdrift fra plantevernmidler fra sprøytedroner, 2) Gjennomføre et pilotstudie på en metode for å måle avdrift og avsetning av plantevernmidler utenfor målområdet fra sprøyte droner, 3) Skaffe kunnskap om eksponering av dronepilot for plantevernmidler, 4) Skaffe kunnskap om miljøeksponering inkludert rester av plantevernmidler i drone-sprøytede plantekulturer, 5) Skaffe kunnskap om bruk av droner i presis påføring av plantevernmidler, lavrisikostoffer og biologiske kontrollorganismer, 6) Øke vår kunnskap om forskrifter og standarder som kan påvirke bruken av droner i integrert plantevern i Norge. Basert på kunnskap gjort tilgjengelig i dette forprosjektet, foreslår vi videre studier som er nødvendig å utføre for å kunne bruke droner i integrert plantevern på en smart måte. Vårt håp er at resultatene fra dette forprosjektet vil gjøre det mulig å ta beslutninger om hvordan droner bør brukes i plantevern i Norge for å være i tråd med direktivet for bærekraftig bruk av plantevernmidler (Direktiv 2009/128/EF). Det er spesielt målgrupper som bønder, landbruksrådgivningstjenester, agroindustri, forskere, nasjonale statlige organer som Mattilsynet og lovgivere som kan tenkes å ha nytte av å lese denne rapporten.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Zahra Bitarafan Wiktoria Kaczmarek-Derda Therese With Berge Carl Emil Øyri Inger Sundheim FløistadAbstract
BACKGROUND As regulations on pesticides become more stringent, it is likely that there will be interest in steam as an alternative approach for soil disinfestation. This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing a soil steaming device for thermal control of invasive plants. RESULTS Seeds of Echinochloa crus-galli, Impatiens glandulifera, Solidago canadensis, and rhizome fragments of Reynoutria × bohemica were examined for thermal sensitivity through two exposure methods: (1) steam treatment of propagative material in soil; (2) exposure of propagative material to warm soil just after heated by steam. Soil temperatures in the range of 60–99 °C and dwelling period of 3 min were tested. Increased soil temperature decreased seed germination/rhizome sprouting. The exposure method had a significant effect where higher temperatures were needed to reduce the seed germination/rhizome sprouting in method 2 explained by the effect of extra heat given in method 1. Using method 1, for E. crus-galli and S. canadensis, the maximum mean temperature of approximately 80 °C was enough to achieve the effective weed control level (90%). This was lower for I. glandulifera and higher for R. × bohemica. Using method 2, 90% control was achieved at 95 °C for S. canadensis; more than 115 °C for I. glandulifera; and more than 130 °C for E. crus-galli and R. × bohemica. CONCLUSION Our findings showed a promising mortality rate for weeds propagative materials through soil steaming. However, the species showed varying responses to heat and therefore steam regulation should be based on the differences in weeds' susceptibility to heat.
Authors
Ritter Atoundem Guimapi Berit Nordskog Anne-Grete Roer Hjelkrem Ingeborg Klingen Ghislain Tchoromi Tepa-Yotto Manuele Tamò Karl ThunesAbstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, situation in Africa remains a priority threat despite significant efforts made since the first outbreaks in 2016 to control the pest and thereby reduce yield losses. Field surveys in Benin and Mali reported that approximately one-week post-emergence of maize plants, the presence of fall armyworm (egg/neonates) could be observed in the field. Scouting for fall armyworm eggs and neonates is, however, difficult and time consuming. In this study, we therefore hypothesized that the optimum timeframe for the fall armyworm female arriving to lay eggs in sown maize fields could be predicted. We did this by back-calculating from interval censored data of egg and neonates collected in emerging maize seedlings at young leaf developmental stage. Early time of ovipositing fall armyworm after sowing was recorded in field experiments. By using temperature-based models to predict phenological development for maize and fall armyworm, combined with analytical approaches for time-to-event data with censored status, we estimated that about 210 accumulated Degree Days (DD) is needed for early detection of neonate larvae in the field. This work is meant to provide new insights on timely pest detection and to guide for precise timing of control measures.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered