Wiktoria Kaczmarek-Derda
Research Scientist
Biography
My current work is focused on weed biology and weed management related to:
- grasslands
- forage crops
- lawns in urban green areas (including golf courses)
- fruit and berries
I also work with management of invasive alien plant species and herbicide resistance in weeds
Authors
Kateřina Hamouzová Pavlína Košnarová Madhab Kumar Sen Soham Bhattacharya Michaela Kolářová Lena Ulber Dagmar Rissel Björn Ringselle Wiktoria Kaczmarek-Derda Pavel Hamouz Josef SoukupAbstract
Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip. is a widespread weed in cereal production systems across Europe and has evolved resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)‐inhibiting herbicides in several Northern and Central European countries. This study identified and characterised resistance to the ALS‐inhibiting herbicides tribenuron‐methyl and florasulam in eight populations of T. inodorum from the Czech Republic, Germany, Norway and Sweden. The two Czech populations, with Pro‐197‐Gln + Pro‐197‐Ala substitutions in one population (CZ1) and a Pro‐197‐Thr substitution in the second population (CZ2), differed in their response to tribenuron‐methyl: CZ1 showed low resistance (resistance factor, RF: 5.2), while CZ2 exhibited high resistance (RF: > 53). However, both showed similar and low resistance to florasulam (RF: 2.5 and 3.9, respectively). The two German populations also showed contrasting responses: one population, with a Pro‐197‐Leu substitution, exhibited low resistance to both ALS inhibitors (RF: 2.8 for tribenuron‐methyl and 3.3 for florasulam), whereas the other population, with a Pro‐197‐Thr substitution, displayed high resistance to both herbicides (RF: > 53 and 12.9, respectively). Norwegian populations with a Pro‐197‐Tyr substitution and Swedish populations with Pro‐197‐Thr or Pro‐197‐Gln substitutions exhibited high resistance to tribenuron‐methyl (RF: 15.2–> 53), but only low resistance to florasulam (RF: 2.5–4.8). Geographic patterns in substitution types were evident, with Nordic populations predominantly exhibiting polar substitutions and Central European populations showing a mix of polar and non‐polar substitutions, suggesting divergent resistance evolution pathways. Notably, except for the Pro197Gln mutation, all other identified mutations have not been previously reported in T. inodorum . Overall, these results highlight the need for region‐specific resistance management strategies.
Authors
Wiktoria Kaczmarek-DerdaAbstract
Bekjempelse av fremmede plantearter i grøntanlegg. Hva fungerer egentlig?
Abstract
Weed management in the apple orchard is crucial to maintain a high fruit yield and quality. Glyphosate applied twice is the usual strategy in apple orchards in Norway. Due to a recurring debate about the future of glyphosate use and a target in the Farm to Fork strategy of a 50% reduction in pesticide use by 2030, alternative solutions are needed. Two field trials conducted in 2023 in orchards (two- and eleven-year-old trees) are presented here. Six alternative strategies were tested: 1) hot water at 3 L m-2 x 3 (spring, early summer, summer), 2) hot water at 6 L m-2 x 3 (times as previous), 3) pelargonic acid at full dose (10.9 kg a.s. ha-1) x 2 (early summer, summer), 4) pelargonic acid at half dose (5.44 kg a.s. ha-1) x 2 (spring, summer), 5) acetic acid 10% at 25 kg a.s. ha-1 x 2 (early summer, summer) and 6) rotary hoe x 3 (spring, early summer, summer). Glyphosate at 1.08 kg a.s. ha-1 x 2 (early summer, summer) was included as a reference strategy. Hot water (±80 C, 0.1 bar) was applied with a commercial machine (Heatweed Technologies, Norway). For mechanical treatment “Orizzonti Mira” rotary hoe was used. Dry biomass and visual assessments of a percentage of ground covered by living vegetation were used to estimate weed control efficacy. Dominating species were Epilobium sp., Taraxacum officinale, Rumex longifolius in both fields, Aegopodium podagraria and Senecio vulgaris in the two-year-old field and Geranium sp. in the eleven-year-old field. Visual assessed in mid-July, i.e. about 3 weeks after the last application of the treatments, 3 hot water strategies with 6 L m-2 resulted in the highest level of weed control, i.e. 6 and 9% total weed cover in the eleven-year-old field and the two-year-old field, respectively. 3 L m-2 resulted in 16% and 20% total weed cover in the two-year-old field and the eleven-year-old field, respectively. This was better than the glyphosate strategy (23% and 55% total weed cover in eleven-year-old field and two-year-old field, respectively) and much better than pelargonic acid (both treatments), acetic acid 10% and rotary hoe strategy. The results of these trials showed very good efficacy of hot water, especially against annual weeds. No significant benefit of doubling hot water from 3 to 6 L ha L ha-1. Dry biomass was in the same order as visual assessments.
