Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2003
Authors
Bernt-Håvard ØyenAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Kjersti Holt HanssenAbstract
The objective was to study the influence of vegetation cover, humus depth, microrelief and distance to seed tree edge on natural regeneration of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in five small clear-cuts on bilberry woodland in southeastern Norway. The impact of the vegetation was considered at tree different scales: at the growing point, in the nearest dm2 around the seedlings and at a 1m2 scale.Most of the regeneration (95%) developed in 1996, after a rich seed year in 1995. The microhabitat was of crucial importance to seedling establishment. Litter, Sphagnum spp. and Polytrichum commune were good substrates for establishment, while areas dominated by Deschampsia flexuosa, Dicranum spp. and Pleurozium schreberi had very few seedlings.Seedling survival after five growing seasons was slightly better in litter than in Sphagnum and other mosses, but the differences were not statistically significant. Increasing humus depth had a positive influence on regeneration, probably due to shallow soils at the sites.Even though depressions covered only 4.9% of the ground, 24.1% of the seedlings occurred here. Survival was, however, lower in depressions than in the other microrelief classes. Distance to the seed tree edge had a significant influence on establishment, with more seedlings establishing close to the edge.
Abstract
Reprints available in my office
Authors
M. Persson J. Lönnquist Bo Långström Halvor Solheim M. Kyto Anna-Karin Borg-KarlsonAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Living organisms in ecosystems are conceptualized as autonomous agents with a spectrum for their behavior. Ecosystems are described here as interacting multi-agent systems. Implementing such a system is a challenge for current hardware and software technology both technically and conceptually, in particular if one of the agents is human, either virtually within the system or as external participant and user (real human).Interfering with and manipulating the system occurs at arbitrary times during simulation, with a collection of choices to do that, rendering the details of the particular simulation fundamentally unpredictable.As a result, we have an open interactive system with tight feedback loops, for which new computer models (beyond the Universal Turing Machine) are required. We discuss some of the theoretical concepts for the appropriate software technology and shortly present one example of such a system, a forest simulator used by forest administrators.
Authors
Kari M. Laine Oddvar Skre Frans-Emil WielgolaskiAbstract
HIBECO-prosjektet har fokusert på naturleg og menneskeleg påverknad på bjørke-økosystemet, og på å utforma ulike skjøtsel-scenarier og skogutvikling for å sikra vidare bærekraftig bruk av bjørkeskogen. Dette er oppnådd ved å ta i bruk ulike faglege disiplinar som kombinerer produktivitet, beiting og sosio-økonomiske forhold. Det var ein markert skilnad mellom proveniensar i frostherdighet og vekst. Insektskader på grunn av Epirrita autumnata var sterkt avhengig av vintertemperatur og av vekstformen hos bjørka. Samanliknande studier viste kraftig reduksjon i lavdekket på Finnmarksvidda sidan 1960-talet, og auke i arealet av Cornus suecica og mose, på grunn av overbeiting av reinsdyr og endra klima. Tradisjonell bruk av bjørk er blitt undersøkt ved ei omfattande spørjeundersøking. Det er blitt utvikla ein dynamisk modell for å få kunnskap om dei langsiktige konsekvensane av endra klima og arealbruk innan seks forsøksområde på 100 x 100 km i Nord-Skandinavia og Island.
Authors
Fred Midtgaard Karl Hilding ThunesAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Lars HögbomAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
S.C. Corgié Erik Jautris Joner C. LeyvalAbstract
Rhizodegradation of recalcitrant organic pollutants, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), may benefit from the major role that root exudates have on rhizospheric microbial processes. We investigated the influence of the proximity to ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) roots on microbial populations and their biodegradation of phenanthrene (PHE) using compartmented pots. PAH degrading bacteria, total heterotrophic bacteria and PHE biodegradation were quantified in three consecutive sections at different distance (03, 36, 69 mm) from a mat of actively exuding roots.A bacterial gradient was observed with higher numbers of heterotrophs and PAH degrading bacteria closest to the roots. In parallel, a PHE biodegradation gradient was evident in the presence of roots. The biodegradation reached 86%, 48% and 36% of initially added PHE, respectively, in the layers 03 mm, 36 and 69 mm from the roots. The biodegradation rate was similar throughout the three layers of the non planted control. The present experimental system seems well suited for spatial and dynamic studies of PAH rhizoremediation.
Authors
Atle Hindar Richard Frederic Wright Petter Nilsen Thorbjørn Larssen R. HøgbergetAbstract
An acidified, 0.8km2 coniferous-forested catchment was limed with 3tha-1 of coarse-grained dolomite powder in September 1994. The liming resulted in an immediate change in runoff water chemistry relative to the stream of an adjacent reference catchment. pH, calcium, magnesium and acid neutralising capacity (ANC) increased and inorganic Al decreased after liming.Potential favourable water quality for sensitive organisms remained relatively constant over the post-liming period (7 years), and model simulations indicate that adequate water quality may last for an additional 4050 years. NO3 concentrations showed no significant change due to liming.A significant increasing trend in TOC was attributed to liming. Concentrations of Cd, Co, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn were lower in the limed stream than in the reference stream during a period of 3 years after liming, whereas concentrations of As, Cu, and Pb were not significantly different. Steep slopes, thin soils, high amounts of precipitation and thus dominance of surface and subsurface flow in this catchment may explain the rapid response in runoff.During the first 6 years after liming there have been no significant effects on tree growth and vitality (crown density and crown colour). This experiment shows that liming of forested catchments may be a viable method to obtain long-term improvement in water quality and potential positive effects for acid-sensitive aquatic organisms.