Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2009
Abstract
Regulation of flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana is controlled by a network of pathways integrating environmental and internal signals. Two of these pathways, the vernalization and photoperiodic pathways, mediate responses to prolonged cold period and photoperiod, respectively. A number of A. thaliana populations from high-latitude and high-altitude locations in Norway were collected and phenotyped for flowering time in response to 5 photoperiods and 5 vernalization treatments. Vernalization and photoperiodic sensitivity were not correlated with latitude but rather with climatic factors such as winter temperature and precipitation that do not vary with latitude, especially in coastal environments. Coastal populations, both from subarctic and intermediate latitudes, were rather insensitive towards the length of the vernalization treatment but very sensitive towards differences in photoperiods. Stronger photoperiod sensitivity in coastal populations might be a necessary adaptation for sensing the onset of spring in regions with relatively mild and unpredictable winter climates as opposed to continental climates with more stable winters. FLC sequence variation was only partly associated with vernalization response, whereas variation in transcript levels of CRY2, TOC1 and GI was correlated with photoperiodic responses. This suggests that local adaptation of populations may be partly mediated by photoreceptors and circadian clock pathways.
Authors
Anna Lewandowska-Sabat Siri Fjellheim Per Winge Atle M. Bones Torfinn Sparstad Carl Gunnar Fossdal Jorunn Elisabeth Olsen Odd Arne RognliAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Anna Marie Holefors Lars Morten Opseth Anne Katrine Ree Rosnes Linda Ripel Lars Snipen Carl Gunnar Fossdal Jorunn Elisabeth OlsenAbstract
In woody plants of the temperate zone short photoperiod (SD) leads to growth cessation. In angiosperms CONSTANS (CO) or CO-like genes play an important role in the photoperiodic control of flowering, tuberisation and shoot growth. To investigate the role of CO-like genes in photoperiodic control of shoot elongation in gymnosperms, PaCOL1 and PaCOL2 were isolated from Norway spruce. PaCOL1 encodes a 3.9 kb gene with a predicted protein of 444 amino acids. PaCOL2 encodes a 1.2 kb gene with a predicted protein of 385 amino acids. Both genes consist of two exons and have conserved domains found in other CO-like genes; two zinc finger domains, a CCT and a COOH domain. PaCOL1 and PaCOL2 fall into the group 1c clade of the CO-like genes, and are thus distinct from Arabidopsis CO that belongs to group la. Transcript levels of both PaCOL-genes appear to be light regulated, an increasing trend was observed upon transition from darkness to light, and a decreasing trend during darkness. The increasing trend at dawn was observed both in needles and shoot tips, whereas the decreasing trend in darkness was most prominent in shoot tips, and limited to the late part of the dark period in needles. The transcript levels of both genes decreased significantly in both tissues under SD prior to growth cessation and bud formation. This might suggest an involvement in photoperiodic control of shoot elongation or might be a consequence of regulation by light. (C) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Geir Mathiesen Anita Sveen May Bente Brurberg Lasse Fredriksen Lars Axelsson Vincent EijsinkAbstract
Conclusion: This is the first comprehensive experimental study showing that predicted SPs in the L. plantarum genome actually are capable of driving protein secretion. The results reveal considerable variation between the SPs that is at least in part dependent on the protein that is secreted. Several SPs stand out as promising candidates for efficient secretion of heterologous proteins in L. plantarum. The results for NucA provide some hints as to the sequence-based prediction of SP functionality, but the general conclusion is that such prediction is difficult. The vector library generated in this study is based on exchangeable cassettes and provides a powerful tool for rapid experimental screening of SPs.
Authors
Geir Mathiesen Anita Sveen May Bente Brurberg Lasse Fredriksen Lars Axelsson Vincent EijsinkAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Fushi Wen Ho Hyung Woo Elizabeth A. Pierson Toril Eldhuset Carl Gunnar Fossdal Nina Elisabeth Nagy Martha C. HawesAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Abstract
Two mature clones of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) shown to have different level of resistance towards inoculation of Heterobasidion parviporum were compared with respect to spatiotemporal expression of transcripts related to biosynthesis of lignin, stilbenes and other phenolic compounds in response to fungal inoculation and physical wounding. Both clones responded to H. parviporum and physical wounding at transcriptional and chemical levels. Taxifolin, detected in the resistant clone only, increased in concentration following both wounding and inoculation. Concentrations of stilbenoid glucosides were highest in the susceptible clone. Following wounding or inoculation, concentrations of these glucosides increased in the susceptible clone, and quantities of their corresponding aglycones increased dramatically in both clones close to the treatment point. Significant changes in transcription were detected over the entire lesion length for all transcripts, and only the changes in a few transcripts indicated a response to inoculation with H. parviporum differing from that caused by wounding alone. The resistant clone had higher basal concentrations of lignin (LTGA) compared to the susceptible clone; concentrations increased in both clones after wounding and wounding plus inoculation treatments, but remained consistently higher in the resistant clone, suggesting higher lignin levels in the cell walls compared to the susceptible clone. In addition, the transcript level in the same clones was also measured the following year and we saw indications of primed defences for a number of gene products likely resulting from the inoculations performed 12 months prior.
Authors
Nadeem Yaqoob Igor A. Yakovlev Paal Krokene Harald Kvaalen Halvor Solheim Carl Gunnar FossdalAbstract
Clonal variation towards resistance has been observed in Norway spruce Heterobasidion annosum s.l. (H.a). H.a. is the main cause of root rot and has a severe economic impact on an economically important conifer tree species. Annual financial losses are in the hundreds of millions of Euros annually. Less susceptible clones appear to have an efficient system of recognizing the pathogen and initiating early defense signalling events. Active defense responses can be started locally and transmitted systemically. This work focus on the expression both spatially (systemically) and temporally in this pathosystem. Two-year-old, somatic saplings of the Norway spruce clone were challenged with H.a., wounded, methyl jasmonate painted and compared to untreated controls and ninety plants were used for the experiment. Stem samples were collected at 1, 3, 6 and 13 days post inoculation (d.p.i). The stem of the saplings were divided into sections along its length and the bark and wood separated from each other at time of collection. In order to see local response an area of 1cm including the site of inoculation was collected, while the spatial (systemic) response was assessed in sections collected at distances of 3 and 6cm away from the site of inoculation. The separated bark and wood were analysed for differential gene expression by qRT-PCR, and the results from peroxidases (PaPX3 and PaPX2) and a chitinase (PaChi4) are presented. Both local and systemic up- and down-regulation were observed at the transcriptional level in both bark and wood, up to 2000 fold local increase in expression was observed for PaChi4.