Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2009
Authors
Tatsiana Espevig Trygve S. Aamlid Arne Tronsmo Bjørn Molteberg Linda Hjeljord Anne Marte Tronsmo Trond Olav Pettersen Frank EngerAbstract
This is a progress report from the second experimental year of the project ‘VELVET GREEN - Winter hardiness and management of velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina) on putting greens in northern environments’. The report is divided into four main chapters, the first giving results from evaluation of winter hardiness of velvet bentgrass under controlled conditions, the second describing experimental layout and preliminary results from two field trials with fertilizer levels, thatch control methods and topdressing levels; the third describing experimental layout and preliminary results from a lysimeter study on irrigation stategies for velvet bentgrass on greens varying in rootzone composition; and the fourth describing a supplemental experiment evaluating the biological product ‘Thatch-less’ for thatch decomposition.
Abstract
Diversity of clovers in grass-clover swards may contribute to greater herbage yields and stability of yield. This possible effect was evaluated in an experiment carried out over three harvest years at two contrasting sites, differing in precipitation and soil composition, using mixed swards containing either one, two or three clover species sown together with timothy (Phleum pratense L.) and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis L.). The clover species were red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and alsike clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) sown in various proportions in a total of ten treatments. All swards were fertilized with nitrogen with amounts that increased from year to year, and three harvests were taken in three consecutive years. There was a significant interaction between site and species mixture on total dry matter (DM) yields (range 27-32 tonnes ha-1) and DM yields of clovers (range 5-15 tonnes ha-1); red clover as a single species or in a mixture was superior at the dry site while multi-clover species mixtures were superior at the wet site. Alsike clover was the least productive species of clover. Stability of yield of clovers was generally higher by including white and red clover in the seed mixture but total DM yield was not.
2008
Authors
Trond Rafoss Arild Sletten Leif SundheimAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Trond Rafoss Arild Sletten Leif SundheimAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Svein Ole Borgen Onno van BekkumAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Tove Maria Østensvik Kaj Bo Veiersted Emmanuel Cuchet Petter Nilsen Jan Johansson Hanse Caisa Carlzon Jørgen WinkelAbstract
The present cross-sectional study was performed to analyze potential risk factors for upper extremity disorders in two groups of forest machine operators driving harvesting vehicles and performing equal tasks in France (n=18) and Norway (n=19). This comparative design implied similar work tasks, but potentially different external work demands. Previous studies have suggested higher levels of neck and shoulder complaints among Norwegian operators compared to those of the French. This may be related to different external work demands and/or individual motor performance. Surface electromyography (EMG) of the right upper trapezius (RUT) and extensor digitorum (RED) muscles were measured continuously during 1 working day (7.5–8 h per operator) and video of body postures was recorded inside the cabin (1 h per operator). A questionnaire on external work demand factors and psychosocial stressors was used together with the collection of symptom data. A physical examination was performed on all workers. Borg's CR-10 scale of intensity of discomfort/pain was rated four times throughout the test day. The French operators reported less complaint (p<0.01) in the right neck compared to their Norwegian colleagues. Furthermore, the French had on average two to three times longer lunch breaks during 5 work days, less continuous hand intensive use of the control lever with more frequent short breaks during the test day compared to the Norwegian operators. However, the average static load level on the RUT muscle for the whole working day was significantly higher among the French (0.7% EMGmax) in comparison with the Norwegian operators (0.3% EMGmax). No difference was found in number of periods with sustained low-level muscle activity neither in the RUT nor the RED muscle. In conclusion, our results support that the higher prevalence of discomfort/pain among the Norwegian forest machine operators may be related to organizational factors.
Abstract
The area of wood protection is in a period of change. New wood protection systems have been developed while their mode of action remains insufficiently understood. The development of molecular methods provides potential tools to investigate the interaction between modified wood and decay fungi. One small step to tackle some of the unsolved questions about the mode of action of modified wood is taken in this study. A specific and quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR) assay was now established for identifying and quantifying early stages of fungal colonisation in modified wood and for profiling growth dynamics of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor through different stages of decay. QRT-PCR of colonisation of three different wood modification systems (acetylation, furfurylation, thermal modification), two reference treatments (Cu-HDO, CCA) and Scots pine sapwood as control was performed. Incubation time was 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks...
Authors
Tore Einar Sveistrup Vera Marcelino Bent C. BraskerudAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Jihong Liu Clarke Carl Jonas Jorge Spetz Sissel Haugslien Shaochen Xing Merete Dees Roar Moe Dag-Ragnar BlystadAbstract
Agrobacterium-mediated transformation for poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. Ex Klotzsch) is reported here for the first time. Internode stem explants of poinsettia cv. Millenium were transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, strain LBA 4404, harbouring virus-derived hairpin (hp) RNA gene constructs to induce RNA silencing-mediated resistance to Poinsettia mosaic virus (PnMV). Prior to transformation, an efficient somatic embryogenesis system was developed for poinsettia cv. Millenium in which about 75% of the explants produced somatic embryos. In 5 experiments utilizing 868 explants, 18 independent transgenic lines were generated. An average transformation frequency of 2.1% (range 1.2-3.5%) was revealed. Stable integration of transgenes into the poinsettia nuclear genome was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis. Both single- and multiple-copy transgene integration into the poinsettia genome were found among transformants. Transgenic poinsettia plants showing resistance to mechanical inoculation of PnMV were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). Northern blot analysis of low molecular weight RNA revealed that transgene-derived small interfering (si) RNA molecules were detected among the poinsettia transformants prior to inoculation. The Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methodology developed in the current study should facilitate improvement of this ornamental plant with enhanced disease resistance, quality improvement and desirable colour alteration. Because poinsettia is a non-food, non-feed plant and is not propagated through sexual reproduction, this is likely to be more acceptable even in areas where genetically modified crops are currently not cultivated.
Abstract
No abstract has been registered