Publications
NIBIOs employees contribute to several hundred scientific articles and research reports every year. You can browse or search in our collection which contains references and links to these publications as well as other research and dissemination activities. The collection is continously updated with new and historical material.
2014
Authors
Teresa Gómez de la Bárcena Lars Pødenphant Kiær Lars Vesterdal Helena M Stefánsdóttir Per Gundersen Bjarni D. SigurdssonAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Per Gundersen Shimon Ozeri Lars Vesterdal Teresa Gómez de la Bárcena Andis Lazdins Bjarni D. Sigurdsson Tryggve Persson Per Bengtsson Cecilia Akselsson Nicholas ClarkeAbstract
No abstract has been registered
Authors
Per Gundersen Shimon Ozeri Ginzburg Lars Vesterdal Teresa Gómez de la Bárcena Bjarni D. Sigurdsson Helena M Stefánsdóttir Edda S Oddsdottir Nicholas Clarke O. Janne Kjønaas Tryggve Persson Göran Ågren Bengt Olsson Mats Fröberg Erik Karltun Riitta Hyvönen Olsson Cecilia Akselsson Per Bengtsson Salim Belyazid Håkan Wallander Andis Lazdins Zane Libiete Dagnija LazdinaAbstract
No abstract has been registered
2013
Abstract
No abstract has been registered
2012
Authors
Daniela Sauer Peter Finke Rolf Sørensen Ragnhild Sperstad Isabelle Schülli-Maurer Helge I. Høeg Karl StahrAbstract
The first results of modeling soil development in marine sediments in S Norway using the model SoilGen are compared to measured properties of two soil chronosequences, on the western and eastern side of Oslofjord, respectively. The aim of this work is to test how well soil development under well-defined environmental conditions can be modeled. Such testing reveals to what degree soil-forming processes are understood, allowing formulation of adequate calculations reflecting these processes. The model predicts particle size distribution reasonably well, although clay depletion in the upper parts of the soils as a result of clay migration is overestimated. The model tends to underestimate contents of organic carbon and CEC in the A horizons: below, modeled CEC matches well with measured CEC. Base saturation is overestimated in the upper 40 cm and underestimated below. Apparently, leaching of bases proceeds less rapidly in reality than is predicted by the model, due to strong soil structure of the B horizons, causing preferential flow and base leaching around the aggregates, whereas bases inside the aggregates are only slightly affected by leaching. Difficulties and possibilities for improvements are identified, some related to model input data and some to the model itself. Input data could be improved by determining the amounts of organic carbon in organic surface horizons and by quantifying effects of bioturbation. A big challenge is the implementation of soil structure formation in the model. Quantitative data on the development of soil structure with time that can be included in a model are required. Amounts, distribution and connectivity of macro pores need to be defined for each stage of soil development, and zones of low and high base leaching need to be distinguished in the model for each time step. The long-term aim of this work is to model soil development with different sets of soil-forming factors, e.g. different climatic conditions in order to reliably predict soil development under different climate scenarios and related sets of soil-forming factors. The results of the first model runs and the identified possible improvements suggest that this aim is generally achievable.
2010
Scientific book – Soil atlas of the northern circumpolar region
Arnold Arnoldussen, Eivind Solbakken
Authors
Arnold Arnoldussen Eivind SolbakkenAbstract
Soil, composed of minerals, organic material, air and water, performs a number of key environmental, social and economic services that are vital to life. Supplying water and nutrients to plants while at the same time protecting water supplies by storing, bufferingand transforming pollutants. Soil is also an incredible habitat that provides raw materials, preserves our history and limits floods. Without soil, the planet as we know it would not function. However, the importance of soil and the multitude of environmental services that depend on soil properties are not widely understood by society at large. Soil scientists are becoming increasingly aware of the necessity to produce material to raise awareness and educate the general public, policy makers and other scientists of the importance and global significance of soil. This is particularly true of soils in northern latitudes where the impacts of global climate change would be dramatic on both a local and global perspective.
Abstract
The coastal heath region along the western coast of Norway, dominated by Calluna vulgaris, is undergoing rapid change. Vegetation changes are caused by changes in management, including reduced frequency or abandonment of periodic heath burning and reduced cutting and grazing. The islands of Froan, in the outermost part of Sør-Trøndelag County in mid-western Norway, are dominated by coastal heath in a state of recession due to reduced traditional land use. The coastal heath is acknowledged as vulnerable and valuable by national environmental authorities, and local landscape management is supported by different national subsidies. The authors mapped the vegetation on Froan and used rule-based GIS-modelling to predict the relative potential for future vegetation changes. The model was based on a range of map layers, including management themes such as history of heath burning and peat removal, current practices of sheep grazing, and also themes derived from the vegetation map, such as soil nutrients, soil moisture and present management status. The resulting model output provides relative probabilities of future changes under different land-use scenarios, and highlights where management efforts should be focused in order to maintain the traditional landscape character.
2009
Abstract
This paper reports a study on soil development in loamy marine sediments on both sides of the Oslofjord (Vestfold, Ostfold). This region has been subject to steady glacio-isostatic uplift during the whole Holocene. Hence, land surface age continuously increases from the coast inland. Several sea level curves, based on radiocarbon datings, enable estimation of land surface age for all locations. Clay illuviation starts in less than 1650 years. E horizons become lighter with age, but their lower boundary stays around 40 cm for more than 10 000 years. Albeluvic tongues develop between 4600 and 6200 years. Initially, they form along intersections of cracks. As preferential flow and leaching along the cracks continues, the tongues increase in length and width, progressively consuming the prisms between the cracks in the upper Bt horizon. The Fe-d/Fe-t ratios (weighted means of the upper meter) show a clear linear increase with soil age and may be used for "pedo-dating", i.e. for estimating the ages of non-dated land surfaces covered with similar sediments. In contrast, the logarithmic decrease of base saturation and pH, with rapid changes in the first time but only very slight changes between 2000 and 10 000 years, makes these parameters unsuitable for "pedo-dating". (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.
2008
Abstract
The coastal areas of SE Norway provide suitable conditions for studying soil development with time, because unweathered land surfaces have continuously been raised above sea level by glacio-isostatic uplift since the termination of the last ice age. We investigated Podzol development in a chronosequence of six soils on sandy beach deposits with ages ranging from 2,300 to 9,650 y at the W coast of the Oslofjord. The climate in this area is rather mild with a mean annual temperature of 6 degrees C and an annual precipitation of 975mm (Sandefjord). The youngest soil showed no evidence of pocizolization, while slight lightening of the A horizon of the second soil (3,800 years) indicated initial leaching of organic matter (OM). In the 4,300 y-old soil also Fe and humus accumulation in the B horizon were perceptible, but only the 6,600 y-old and older soils exhibited spodic horizons. Accumulation of OM in the A horizons reached a steady state in <2,300 y, while in the B horizons OM accumulated at increasing rates. pH dropped from 6.6 (H2O)/5-9 (KCI) in the recent beach sand to 4.5 (H2O)/3.8 (KCl) within approx. 4,500 y (pH(H2O))/2,500 y (pH(KCl)) and stayed constant thereafter, which was attributed to sesquioxide buffering. Base saturation showed an exponential decrease with time. Progressive weathering was reflected by increasing Fe-d and Al-d contents, and proceeding podzolization by increasing amounts of pyrophophate- and oxalate-soluble Fe and Al with soil age. These increases could be best described for most Fe and Al fractions by exponential models. Only the increasing amounts of Fe-p could be better described by a power function and those of Fe-o by a linear model.
2007
Abstract
Podzol development was investigated in a chronosequence on sandy beach sediments, the ages of the soils ranging from 2,400 to 8,500 years. All soil properties investigated-the organic matter content of the B horizons, clay content, Fe-o, Al-o, Si-o, Fe-o/Fe-d and Fe-d/Fe-t - tend to increase with advancing podzolization, and are strongly correlated with soil age. Topsoil pH values decrease with age. The characteristic Bh and Bs horizons had developed after approximately 4,000 years.